The objective of this paper is to explore the effects of globalization on the labour market and social stratification. It is generally held that globalization will bring about progress for nations and people. This, however, is far from clear, since the experience of almost two decades has been raising increasing doubts about the potential net gains and, particularly, the distribution of such gains. Clearly, there are winners and losers among both countries and people. We will concentrate on the effects upon people within countries and refer only to one region: Latin America. Our aim is to iden…
1 Mar 2000, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 18:04
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Summary
Capital flows returned to the Latin American in the 1990s after nearly a decade-long of the so-called debt crisis that featured a negative transfer of resources. These new capital flows were closely related to the economic reform process in the region. On the one hand, the reforms were a source of attraction for foreign investors. On the other hand, they helped the reforms succeed by relieving the external constraint that depressed growth during the 1980s.
Nevertheless, the new inflows also created problems. While average inflows in the 1990s were very similar to the amounts received b…
1 Oct 2000, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 18:04
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Abstract The article uses the global commodity chains framework to explain the transformations in production, trade and corporate strategies that altered the global apparel industry over the past decades and changed the conditions for industrial upgrading. The apparel industry is identified as a buyer-driven commodity chain that contains three types of lead firms: retailers, marketers and branded manufacturers. As apparel production has become globally dispersed and competition between these firms has intensified, each type of lead firm has developed extensive global sourcing capabilities. Whi…
1 Abr 2000, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 18:04
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In this article, indicators of fiscal discretionality are estimated using a simple methodology, and in this way the cyclical component of the public accounts balance (i.e., the amounts of income and expenditure associated with transitory movements of the level of activity); is identified for a number of Latin American countries in the 1990s. The difference gives a measure of the discretional balance, which represents a medium-term indicator of the state of the public accounts. Budgetary rules which take account of these mechanisms not only ensure sustainability over time but also reduce the cy…
1 Ene 2000, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 18:04
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Resumen Las negociaciones internacionales referidas a los recursos naturales son uno de los exponentes de las dimensiones ambientales de los procesos de globalización. Si bien el espíritu que inspiró el derecho internacional de los recursos naturales en las décadas del sesenta y del setenta —alimentado de los principios del 'nuevo orden económico internacional'— no se expresa de manera idéntica en las actuales negociaciones, los foros mundiales referidos a distintos bienes ambientales mantienen postulados de aquella pasada preocupación negociadora.Un paradigma, como lo fue en la déca…
2 Oct 2000, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 18:04
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This document discusses the relevance, strengths and limitations of social indicators. Difficulties encountered in the analysis of such data in the Caribbean are identified and discussed. Issues related to the availability of social data for social planning and the implementation of programmes and projects are also explored.…
15 Jun 2000, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 18:04
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Background In its resolution 47/5 of 16 October 1992, the General Assembly decided to observe the year 1999 as the International Year of Older Persons (1) and to take note of the conceptual framework of a programme for the preparation and observance of the International Year of Older Persons in 1999, as contained in the report of the Secretary-General (A/50/114). In resolution 50/141 entitled International Year of Older Persons: Towards a society for all ages , the General Assembly, inter alia, invited the regional commissions, within the existing mandates, to bear in mind the goa…
1 Oct 2000, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 18:03
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Abstract This paper analyses the competitiveness and technological structure of manufactured exports by leading Latin American and Asian economies for 1980-97. It explains East Asian performance with reference to the strategies adopted for technological development, focusing on foreign direct investment strategies. It particularly draws on the experience of Singapore, the countgry that has used FDI to promote industrial growth and technological upgrading more effectively than any other developing country. The paper starts by analysing the nature of technological activity in developing countrie…
1 Mayo 2000, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 18:04
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Second regional conference in follow-up to the World Summit for Social Development. Santiago, Chile, 15-17 May 2000 Summary The courses of action recommended at the World Summit for Social Development coincide with the general thrust of the action taken by the Governments of the region in the economic and social spheres during the 1990s. The objective of this document is to weigh the positive and negative aspects of the situation in Latin America and the Caribbean with regard to poverty reduction, productive job creation and social integration within the wider context of economic changes and s…
1 Mayo 2000, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 18:04
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This document has been prepared and published jointly by the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC); and the International Jacques Maritain Institute. Its contents were edited by José Antonio Ocampo, Executive Secretary of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC);; Stefano Zamagni, Professor of Economics at the University of Bologna; Ricardo Ffrench-Davis, Principal Regional Adviser of ECLAC; and Carlo Pietrobelli, Professor of Development Economics at the University of Molise, Campobasso.
Foreword
Financial globalization has been a most dyna…
Abstract This document provides an overview of trade relations between Asia and the Pacific and Latin America and explores the possibilities for expanding the modalities of economic relations between the two regions. The analysis covers 12 countries in Asia and Oceania and 11 members of the Latin American Integration Association (LAIA). Interregional cooperation in trade and investment has been on the agendas of countries in both regions for some time. It is often expressed that the present economic relations between the two regions do not reflect the potential for interregional trade and inve…
This article analyses the behaviour of the Colombian labour market and the changes it underwent during the 1990s. It begins by outlining the reforms carried out in that country and summarizing macroeconomic developments and changes in the production structure in the 1990s. Then it uses data available from household surveys to analyse the dynamic of the labour market by economic sector, educational level and occupational position. After briefly describing the latest advances in research into income distribution in Colombia, it then shows the results of simulation exercises carried out to determ…
1 Feb 2000, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 18:02
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La edición 1999 del Anuario estadístico de América
Latina y el Caribe contiene una selección actualizada a comienzos de diciembre de las principales series
estadísticas disponibles sobre la evolución económica
y social de los países de la región. Representa un
sistemático esfuerzo de la División de Estadística y
Proyecciones de la CEPAL, orientado a homogeneizar
las cifras y a hacerlas internacionalmente comparables. uarios en forma oportuna.
La primera parte comprende indicadores
socioeconómicos derivados (tasas de crecimiento,
proporciones o coeficientes), que representan una visión
resumida…
1 Nov 2000, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 18:04
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Introducción
During the 1990s the market for Latin America's debt grew in volume, types of instruments traded and number of investors and trade houses involved. Investors were drawn by high growthpotential and high yields in most Latin American countries, as well as by a general trend towards the implementation of economic and political reforms. As a result, the relative size of Latin America's market worldwide grew.This growth, however, was affected by a series of market events that underscored Latin America's vulnerability to financial shocks. Growth in trading volumes and ass…
From the early decades of the twentieth century onward, the level of equity achieved in Uruguay, and the sophistication of its social welfare institutions, set the country apart from the rest of Latin America. In the second half of the century, this heritage of democracy and equity survived the severe tests to which it was subjected without fracturing too badly. The strength of the country's sociocultural foundations was convincingly demonstrated after the restoration of democracy in 1985, when Uruguay succeeded in maintaining the position it had traditionally held as the regional leader …