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Programa de seguridad alimentaria: experiencias en México y otros países
Uno de los grandes retos que enfrentan los gobiernos en la actualidad es mejorar la seguridad alimentaria de la población. La creciente demanda mundial y los efectos nocivos del cambio climático sobre la producción agropecuaria han renovado el interés por las políticas públicas para fomentar la disponibilidad, el acceso y el uso de los alimentos. Dado que la inseguridad alimentaria es resultado de múltiples causas, los esfuerzos por aliviarla han tomado también distintas formas, dando origen a una tipología de programas con características muy variadas. Este trabajo presenta la experiencia acu…
An assessment of the economic impact of climate change on the Agriculture, Energy and Health sectors in Trinidad and Tobago
This report analyses the agriculture, energy, and health sectors in Trinidad and Tobago to assess the potential economic impacts of climate change on the sectors. The fundamental aim of this report is to assist with the development of strategies to deal with the potential impact of climate change on Trinidad and Tobago. It also has the potential to provide essential input for identifying and preparing policies and strategies to help advance the Caribbean subregion closer to solving problems associated with climate change and attaining individual and regional sustainable development goals. Some…
An assessment of the economic impact of climate change on the Agriculture, Health and Tourism sectors in Saint Lucia
This report analyses the agriculture, health and tourism sectors in Saint Lucia to assess the potential economic impacts of climate change on the sectors. The fundamental aim of this report is to assist with the development of strategies to deal with the potential impact of climate change in Saint Lucia. It also has the potential to provide essential input for identifying and preparing policies and strategies to help advance the Caribbean subregion closer to solving problems associated with climate change and attaining individual and regional sustainable development goals. Some of the key anti…
An assessment of the economic impact of climate change on the Agriculture, Health and Tourism sectors in Jamaica
This report analyses the agriculture, health and tourism sectors in Jamaica to assess the potential economic impacts of climate change on the sectors. The fundamental aim of this report is to assist with the development of strategies to deal with the potential impact of climate change on Jamaica. It also has the potential to provide essential input for identifying and preparing policies and strategies to help move the Region closer to solving problems associated with climate change and attaining individual and regional sustainable development goals. Some of the key anticipated manifestations o…
An assessment of the economic impact of climate change on the Agriculture, Coastal and Human Settlements and Health Sectors in Guyana
This report analyses the agriculture, coastal and human settlements and health sectors in Guyana to assess the potential economic impacts of climate change. The fundamental aim of this report is to assist with the development of strategies to deal with the potential impact of climate change on Guyana. It also has the potential to provide essential input for identifying and preparing policies and strategies to help bring the Caribbean sub-region closer to solving problems associated with climate change and attaining national and regional sustainable development goals. Some of the key anticipate…
An assessment of the economic impact of climate change on the coastal and human settlements, tourism and transport sectors in Barbados
This report analyses the coastal and human settlements, tourism and transport sectors in Barbados to assess the potential economic impact of climate change on the sectors. The fundamental aim of this report is to assist with the development of strategies to deal with the potential impact of climate change on Barbados. Some of the key anticipated manifestations of climate change for the Caribbean include elevated air and sea-surface temperatures, sea-level rise, possible changes in extreme events and a reduction in freshwater resources. The economic impact of climate change on the three sectors…
Perspectivas de la agricultura y del desarrollo rural en las Américas: una mirada hacia América Latina y el Caribe, 2011-2012
PresentaciónDesde finales de 2010 y durante 2011, la volatilidad de los precios de las materias primas ha vuelto a ser un factor protagonista en las agendas de los tomadores de decisiones. A ello se suma la incertidumbre sobre una nueva crisis económica mundial debido a las adversidades macroeconómicas que experimentan los Estados Unidos y Europa. El panorama se ha complicado en los últimos meses por la crisis alimentaria del Cuerno de áfrica, que nos recuerda la gran vulnerabilidad en que todavía viven amplios segmentos de la población mundial.Para contribuir con información y análisis a una …
Gasto público en seguridad y justicia en Centroamérica
En los estudios recientes sobre el gasto público en seguridad y justicia en Centroamérica se arrojan únicamente datos sobre montos presupuestados a nivel institucional, ya que provienen de un estudio sobre los costos económicos de la violencia en la subregión calculados para 2006. Una mejor evaluación del nivel y la tendencia de los gastos en defensa, seguridad y justicia en Centroamérica puede realizarse mediante la clasificación por finalidad y función contenida en el Manual de Estadísticas Fiscales del FMI en su versión de 2001. Aun cuando en la subregión se ha avanzado en la adopción de es…
Transnational innovation systems
This paper discusses the concept of transnational innovation systems (TNIS) and presents some experiences in Europe in the formation of TNIS. The real cases show that supporting the emergence of Transnational Innovation Systems has clear benefits for the countries and the regions involved which may be related to the enlargement of consumer, labour and factor markets, enhanced competition, extended division of labour and increased specialization (Lundquist and Trippl, 2011: 3). Regional integration across borders can therefore be of high importance for small and emerging economies, where resour…
Impacto asimétrico de la crisis global sobre la industria automotriz: Canadá y México comparados. Perspectivas para el futuro
En la presente investigación se evalúan las diferencias entre la industria automotriz canadiense y la mexicana, a fin de conocer qué factores permitieron que un país se defendiera mejor ante la crisis y cuál resultaría el menos afectado durante su desarrollo y posterior a éste. Por otra parte, el análisis llevado a cabo permite conocer los nichos de oportunidad para la industria automotriz mexicana, así como los de la canadiense, y derivar algunas recomendaciones de política. Asimismo, se advierten los riesgos potenciales de seguir uno u otro camino, sin perder de vista la dinámica de la caden…
Retos de la Unión Aduanera en Centroamérica
En el presente trabajo se evalúa el actual grado de avance de la Unión Aduanera en Centroamérica. Se valoran los grados de avance en el ámbito fiscal y comercial, y se identifican los retos para avanzar en la constitución de una Unión Aduanera a corto y mediano plazos. Se concluye que, mientras importantes avances se han tenido en la coordinación de procedimientos y regulaciones para facilitar la libre circulación de bienes y servicios, persisten desafíos en el ámbito fiscal. También se formulan recomendaciones a los ministros de economía y de finanzas o hacienda para que, de manera conjunta, …
The relationship between fiscal and current account balances in the Caribbean
The global economic recession which affected most of the Caribbean would have been less severe if policymakers were in a position to sustain fiscal stimulus packages for a longer duration. This paper argues that while the crisis aggravated the debt and fiscal situation, the negative fiscal and current account balances reflected long standing issues related to declining competitiveness. To address the challenging fiscal situation, a number of countries are pursuing fiscal consolidation programmes, many of which imply expenditure cuts and revenue increases. Implicit in such programmes is that th…
Inflation and the variability of relative prices in the Caribbean: evidence from panel threshold models
This paper examines the impact of inflation and its variability for eight Caribbean countries; Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. The paper goes beyond the standard approach to examine the variability of relative prices (VRP) within the context of a threshold effects framework, since it was recognized that whether inflation was low or very high was significant in determining its impact on an economy. The paper employed a panel threshold effects model to capture the non-linear nature of the relationship…