Desde el punto de vista de su contenido, el presente artículo es una continuación natural tanto del Boletín FAL No. 167 como del Boletín FAL No. 171. En efecto, dado que en el Boletín FAL No. 167 se avanzó conceptualmente en la definición del término facilitación del comercio y en explicar de manera general la forma en que este tema es abordado en algunos organismos internacionales, así como en el proceso para constituir el ALCA, en el presente artículo se amplía y profundiza la información referida a la facilitación del comercio en este último foro negociador, el cual agrupa al considerable n…
The need to devise an appropriate mechanism for the meaningful participation of smaller economies in the Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA); has been recognized since the beginning of the process of integration in the Americas and was articulated in the Plan of Action and Declaration of the Summit of the Americas, held in Miami in December 1995 (1); . Since then, the San Jose Declaration (2); reiterated the commitment of the countries of the hemisphere to ensure the full participation of the smaller economies in the FTAA and increase their level of development.
The declaration states that …
As mentioned in FAL Bulletin No 167, trade facilitation is still a relatively imprecise concept covering a wide variety of topics, such as: customs issues; technical norms relating to quality standars and control of plant and normal diseases; transport; commercial information interchange and a variety of trade-related services.This broad scope means that an analysis of trade facilitation at the level of an individual country or trade agreement, entails obtaining data froma variety of public bodies, since they are not centralized. Studying trade facilitation in Mercosur is quite com…
Como se señaló en el Boletín FAL N° 167, el término facilitación del comercio corresponde a un concepto todavía insuficientemente delimitado y que se relaciona con una gran diversidad de ámbitos temáticos, tales como son los asuntos aduaneros, las normas técnicas, de calidad, fito y zoo-sanitarias, los transportes, la transmisión de la información comercial y varios tipos de servicios conexos al intercambio comercial.Este hecho implica que para examinar la facilitación a nivel de un país o de un acuerdo de integración, es necesario obtener la información en diferentes organismos pú…
El comercio exterior de un país está estrechamente vinculado
a su ubicación geográfica, los servicios de transporte que cubren
las distancias hacia los mercados y los puertos por los
cuales pasa este comercio. Recientes avances en el transporte
marítimo, la creciente integración económica internacional y
las privatizaciones portuarias en los países del Pacífico sudamericano
han llevado a crear expectativas de que surjan puertos
que concentren carga nacional y de países vecinos para su
posterior redistribución: los llamados puertos pivotes. La principal
conclusión del presente análisis es que e…
The external trade of a country is closely linked with its geographical location, with the transport services that cover the distance to markets, and the ports through which that trade passes. Recent advances in maritime transport, the growing international economic integration, and the privatization of ports in the countries on the Pacific coast of South America have given rise to expectations that ports could be developed that concentrate both domestic cargo and that of neighbouring countries for its subsequent redistribution: what are known as hub ports . The main conclusion of t…
The FAL Bulletin is reverting to its original concept, that is, facilitation of trade in the broad sense. In the context of ECLAC, this is a topic covered by the International Trade Unit in the International Trade and Development Finance Division, to which the Transport Unit also belonged until it was incorporated into the Natural Resources and Infrastructure Division in April 1999.In an effort at inter-divisional cooperation starting with this issue, the International Trade Unit will be responsible for preparing four articles per year on trade facilitation for the FAL Bulletin. These are cert…
El Boletín FAL se está reencontrando con lo que fue su concepto original, es decir, la facilitación del comercio en su sentido amplio. En el ámbito de la CEPAL, esta materia ahora es propia de la Unidad de Comercio Internacional, de la División de Comercio Internacional y Financiamiento del Desarrollo, de la cual la Unidad de Transporte formaba parte, hasta su incorporación en la División de Recursos Naturales e Infraestructura, en abril de 1999. En un esfuerzo de cooperación interdivisional, a partir de la presente edición, la Unidad de Comercio Internacional asume la responsabilidad de el…
The twentieth Meeting of National Customs Directors of Latin America, Spain and Portugal was held from 26 to 29 October 1999 in Cancún, Quinta Roo, Mexico. Working groups discussed issues relating to control, harmonization of customs procedures, strategic alliances for combating commercial fraud, integrity and the impact of the year 2000 computer problem on customs services. At the plenary meeting of this session, agreement was reached on 30 points.Uruguay, headquarters for the twenty-first meeting: The delegation of Uruguay's offer to host the twenty-first meeting in October 2000 was acc…
La XX Reunión de Directores Nacionales de Aduanas de América Latina, España y Portugal se celebró del 26 al 29 de octubre de 1999, en Cancún, Quinta Roo, México. Los grupos de trabajo debatieron temas relacionados con la fiscalización, la armonización de los procedimientos aduaneros, las alianzas estratégicas para combatir el fraude comercial, la probidad, y el impacto del Y2K en las aduanas. Asimismo, en el plenario de la Reunión se lograron 30 acuerdos. Uruguay, sede de la XXI Reunión: Se aceptó el ofrecimiento de la delegación de Uruguay para constituirse en sede de la XXI Reunión, en octub…
Export Growth in Latin America: Policies and Performance by Carla Macario with Regis Bonelli, Adriaan ten Kate and Gunnar Niels. Latin American and Caribbean countries have substantially transformed their economies over the past decades by adopting policies that set aside import substitution development strategies and foster a greater outward orientation of their economies, assigning a high priority to increasing exports. Nevertheless, in most cases export performance is still deficient, and many countries in the region have not fully taken advantage of the opportunities arising from …
Abstract Both in Asia Pacific and Latin America, considerable confusion and ambiguity surround the notion of 'open Regionalism' that question its relevance for practical purposes. Chapter I will examine various interpretations and applications of the concept and study under what circumstances the two elements 'open' and 'regionalism' come into contradiction. The chapter first put to provide some precision on the relationship that may exist between Open Regionalism and regional integration, and then it inquires of under what conditions regionalism can be a 'st…
Abstract
This paper attempts to estimate the effect of trade liberalization on the industrial structure and pattern of pollution emissions in Brazil. An input-output approach is used to estimate the value of production and potential pollution intensity estimates are undertaken using the industrial pollution projection system. We find that the aggregate intensity of pollutant emission has decreased for the whole industrial sector, but for the export sector, the pollution intensity has been increasing after trade liberalization.…
Introduction Barriers to Latin American and Caribbean Exports in the US Market, 1998-1999 is the sixth report released yearly by ECLAC Washington. Its aim is to provide information on trade inhibiting measures that Latin American and Caribbean exports encounter in the United States, updating that contained in previous reports. The classification of trade inhibiting measures follows that used by the US Trade Representative's yearly publication National Trade Estimate Report on Foreign Trade Barriers. Out of this classification, the report focuses on those three of greatest relevan…
On this issue of the Bulletin an attempt is made to illustrate how modern Trade Facilitation techniques, with an emphasis on EDI, affect different parts of the society such as business, commerce, transport, administration and government.…
La presente edición del Boletín, busca ilustrar cómo las técnicas modernas de facilitación del comercio con énfasis en el Intercambio Electrónico de Datos (EDI), son un apoyo para los diferentes ámbitos de la sociedad, como son los negocios, el comercio, el transporte, la administración y el gobierno, entre otros.…
First meeting on European soil. The Nineteenth Meeting of National Customs Directors of Latin America, Spain and Portugal was held in Palma, Mallorca, Spain, from 2 to 6 November 1998. The opening session stressed the importance of this being the first meeting held on European soil, and members were urged to pool their efforts to develop closer cooperative ties between the region's customs services.…
Primera reunión en territorio europeo. La XIX Reunión de Directores Nacionales de Aduanas de América Latina, España y Portugal, se celebró en Palma de Mallorca, España, del 2 al 6 de noviembre de 1998. En la sesión de apertura, se resaltó la importancia de la reunión de ser la primera que se realiza en territorio europeo y se exhortó a los miembros a unir esfuerzos para estrechar los lazos de cooperación entre los servicios aduaneros de la región.…
The Third Western Hemisphere Transportation Ministerial meeting was held in New Orleans, Lousiana, United States, from 14 to 16 December 1998, under the theme Transportation in the 21st Century: A Vision for Integration. The meeting was attended by Ministers and heads of delegations from 33 countries of the Americas, representatives of various international organizations and business sector of the Continent. The current issue of the Bulletin provides the complete text of the Ministerial Declaration. For additional information, contact José María Rubiato: e-mail jrubiato@eclac.cl…
Entre el 14 y el 16 de diciembre de 1998, se llevó a cabo, en Nueva Orleans, Lousiana, Estados Unidos, la Tercera Reunión Hemisférica de Ministros de Transporte, bajo el lema Transporte en el Siglo XXI: Una Visión para la Integración. Participaron los Ministros y jefes de delegaciones de 33 países de las Américas, representantes de varios organismos internacionales y del sector empresarial del Continente.La presente edición del Boletín entrega el texto completo de la Declaración Ministerial.…
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