The aim of this second Special Report is to quantify the economic impact of the pandemic in the short and medium term. With regard the short term —during the course of 2020— estimates shed light on the dynamics of production, employment, poverty and income distribution, based on data available at 17 April 2020, for all the subregions of Latin America and the Caribbean and many of their economies. The report also provides details of the main macroeconomic policy measures to tackle the effects of the pandemic that have been announced to date.
Quantifying the decline in economic activity enables …
El objetivo de este segundo Informe Especial elaborado por la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL) sobre la evolución y los efectos de la pandemia del COVID-19 en América Latina y el Caribe es dimensionar sus efectos económicos en el corto y mediano plazo en la región.
Para el corto plazo, es decir en el curso de 2020, se presentan estimaciones de la dinámica de la producción y el empleo con base en la información disponible al 17 de abril de 2020, que abarca todas las subregiones de América Latina y el Caribe y muchas de sus economías. Asimismo, se detallan las principal…
Following on from recent literature on the same subject, this paper analyses the impact of public debt on economic growth in Mexico between 1994 and 2016, against a global macroeconomic backdrop of sharp rises in public sector debt indicators, owing to expansionary fiscal strategies adopted after the 2007–2008 crisis. The main objectives of this study are to determine whether the relationship between these two variables has followed a non-linear path in the form of an inverted “U”, and to find the threshold beyond which increases in debt generate marginal decreases in growth. Using a dynamic m…
A partir de la literatura reciente sobre el mismo tema, en este artículo se analiza el impacto de la deuda pública en el crecimiento económico de México entre 1994 y 2016, en un contexto macroeconómico mundial de marcados aumentos en los indicadores de deuda del sector público, debido a las estrategias fiscales expansivas adoptadas tras la crisis de 2007-2008. Los principales objetivos de este estudio son determinar si la relación entre estas dos variables ha seguido una trayectoria no lineal en forma de U invertida, y encontrar el umbral más allá del cual los aumentos de la deuda generan dism…
Las transformaciones tecnológicas y el empleo en América Latina: oportunidades y desafíos / Jürgen Weller .-- Análisis comparativo de los precios de los medicamentos en América Latina / Roberto Álvarez y Aldo González .-- Sistemas de innovación y cambios en la división centro-periferia: notas sobre una metodología para determinar las trayectorias de los países a partir de las estadísticas de ciencia y tecnología / Catari Vilela Chaves, Leonardo Costa Ribeiro, Ulisses Pereira dos Santos y Eduardo da Motta e Albuquerque .-- Corrupción, estructura productiva y desarrollo económico en los países e…
Technological change and employment in Latin America: opportunities and challenges / Jürgen Weller .-- A comparative analysis of medicine prices in Latin America / Roberto Álvarez and Aldo González .-- Innovation systems and changes in the core-periphery divide: notes on a methodology to determine countries’ trajectories using science and technology statistics / Catari Vilela Chaves, Leonardo Costa Ribeiro, Ulisses Pereira dos Santos and Eduardo da Motta e Albuquerque .-- Corruption, production structure and economic development in developing countries / Helis Cristina Zanuto Andrade Santos an…
Highlights
• The record long U.S. economic expansion is coming to an end, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Shutdowns to stem the spread of the virus have already had an impact on the economy, and are already visible in some preliminary data for March, ranging from jobless claims to factory output. The U.S. government will release its initial estimate for the first quarter of 2020 at the end of April, and a decline in growth is expected, followed by an even worse decline in the second quarter.
• Three stimulus packages were approved by the U.S. Congress in March, aiming to address the impa…
These are the main highlights of the Capital Flows to Latin America 2019 Year-in-Review edition:
• In 2019, international bond issuance from Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) increased and bond spreads tightened, but credit quality continued to deteriorate although at a slower pace relative to 2018.
• Lowering global interest rates brought issuance volume up in the region. Total LAC debt issuance in international markets in 2019 was US$ 119 billion, 26% higher than in 2018.
• Mexican, Brazilian and Chilean borrowers were the main contributors to the region’s performance. Together they were…
The economies of Central America (Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Panama) and the Dominican Republic – known as the CARD countries in Spanish – will have a weighted average growth rate of 3.2% in 2020, with the highest rates forecast for the Dominican Republic and Panama, the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) revealed.
The document Preliminary Overview of the Economies of Central America and the Dominican Republic in 2019 and Prospects for 2020 explains that the international context was affected by trade tensions and great political un…
En el presente documento se hace un balance preliminar de las economías de Centroamérica (Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua y Panamá) y la República Dominicana (CARD) en 2019 y se ofrecen perspectivas para 2020. Es un análisis de coyuntura elaborado por la Unidad de Desarrollo Económico de la Sede subregional de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL) en México, con información disponible al 31 de enero de 2020.…
En el ajedrez, el objetivo es el derrumbe del rey. En el juego chino de wei, en cambio, se busca el cerco estratégico que evita el conflicto directo. No es exagerado aplicar ese paralelismo a los modos en que Estados Unidos y China, respectivamente, se posicionan en el conflicto de hegemonías que hoy los tiene como protagonistas, de cuya resolución dependerá en buena medida el mundo que habitaremos en el siglo XXI. A pesar de la centralidad de esta disputa, Occidente permanece tercamente aferrado a estereotipos e ideas equivocadas cuando trata de interpretar las ambiciones políticas chinas.
E…
Este Balanço Preliminar das Economias da América Latina e do Caribe vem à luz num contexto econômico e social extremamente complexo para a região. A América Latina apresenta desaceleração econômica generalizada e sincronizada nos países e nos diversos setores. Em 2019, contrastando com anos anteriores, 18 dos 20 países da América Latina, bem como 23 das 33 economias da América Latina e do Caribe, apresentam desaceleração na taxa de crescimento da atividade econômica. O menor dinamismo da demanda interna foi acompanhado por baixa demanda agregada externa e mercados financeiros internacionais ma…
This survey examines the economic performance of economies of the Caribbean in 2018 and comprises six chapters. The first chapter gives an overview of global, regional and subregional economic performance as well as unemployment in the Caribbean. The second provides an analysis of governments in the subregion’s fiscal performance and debt burden. The third looks at monetary policy and variables. The fourth is focused external sector and its factors. The fifth chapter concludes, while the final chapter includes individual country briefs that give an overview of the economic situation for the Ba…
This paper describes the dimensions and activities of the asset management industry in the United States locating the industry in the global context. It also discusses the evolution of asset management strategies utilized by the industry, setting up the discussion of the potential risks associated with this set of strategies and identifies the potential risks to the industry and explore the overall risks they raise for the global financial system. Finally, it provides regulatory responses to deal with these potential problems and briefly summarizes some suggested modifications of regulations t…
Este segundo suplemento especial de la Revista CEPAL reúne textos inéditos de Raúl Prebisch presentados por el autor en la República Dominicana y en el Paraguay, en los años en que apoyó las misiones monetarias de la Reserva Federal de los Estados Unidos a cargo de Robert Triffin, en 1945 y 1946.
La publicación de este valioso material, al que se suman tres textos extraídos de las obras completas del autor —dos sobre lineamientos de una política monetaria nacional en la Argentina y uno sobre la compatibilidad de los planes monetarios internacionales de los economistas John Maynard Keynes y Har…
El presente estudio tiene un carácter eminentemente empírico; se emplea la metodología de insumo-producto para analizar las características estructurales del aparato productivo hondureño con un nivel de desagregación pertinente y compatible con el propósito de derivar implicaciones de política pública útiles para la toma de decisiones. Se eligió 2013 como año de referencia porque el Banco Central de Honduras elaboró una matriz de insumo-producto para ese año. Esta referencia es lo suficientemente cercana como para mantener la pertinencia de la inferencia de política, que se refiere a condicion…
Highlights
• In the third quarter of 2019, the U.S. economy grew at a 2.1% annualized rate. Growth was driven by consumer and government spending, and a buildup in inventories.
• The third quarter of 2019 was the 41st consecutive quarter of growth and November the 125th month of consecutive growth for the U.S. economy. The current expansion is the longest on record.
• The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) cut the federal funds rate three times this year, in July, September and October, due to slowing global growth and trade uncertainty, contributing to diminish recession fears. Federal Rese…
The economic overview for Latin America and the Caribbean in 2019 is occurring in a particularly complex context. The region is exhibiting an economic deceleration that is widespread and synchronized among countries and sectors, topping off six consecutive years of low growth, ECLAC indicated today in its last annual report released at its central headquarters in Santiago, Chile.
In its Preliminary Overview of the Economies of Latin America and the Caribbean 2019, the United Nations regional organization indicates that the deceleration in domestic demand is being accompanied by low external ag…
El balance económico de América Latina y el Caribe en 2019 se presenta en un contexto particularmente complejo. La región muestra una desaceleración económica generalizada y sincronizada a nivel de países y de sectores, completando seis años consecutivos de bajo crecimiento, señaló hoy la CEPAL en su último informe anual dado a conocer en su sede central de Santiago, Chile.
En su Balance Preliminar de las Economías de América Latina y el Caribe 2019, el organismo regional de las Naciones Unidas indica que la desaceleración en la demanda interna se acompaña por una baja demanda agregada externa…
O balanço econômico da América Latina e do Caribe em 2019 é apresentado em um contexto particularmente complexo. A região mostra uma desaceleração econômica generalizada e sincronizada em países e setores, completando seis anos consecutivos de baixo crescimento, afirmou hoje a CEPAL em seu último relatório anual divulgado em sua sede em Santiago, Chile.
Em seu Balanço Preliminar das Economias da América Latina e do Caribe 2019, a Comissão Regional das Nações Unidas indica que a desaceleração da demanda interna é acompanhada por uma baixa demanda agregada externa e mercados financeiros internac…