This study focuses on the link between agricultural trade openness and the sector's performance, an improvement in which could have significant impacts on poverty reduction. We emphasize Latin America, during the 1960-2005, using a recently constructed data base of agricultural support Nominal and Relative Rates of Assistance (NRA and RRA) that includes information for several developing countries, beyond the region. The principal question addressed is, does the trade regime influence sectoral growth? With the answer to this question we then make some inferences regarding the influence of…
Exposicion del Jefe de la Division del Programa Regional y del Caribe de Habla Inglesa del PNUD en la inauguracion del Coloquio, en la cual se refiere a la tarea encomendada a este organismo acerca de la coordinacion de la cooperacion en las nuevas tecnicas de planificacion del desarrollo y de la insercion de America Latina y el Caribe en la economia internacional, que la problematica actual requiere.…
Our Caribbean civilisation has been very much shaped by the sea. The evidence of this in our region abounds from time immemorial: the peopling of our Caribbean; its trading; its economy and commerce, ancient and modern; its daily living and eating; its culture and its thinking. All these facets of life and production have been moulded, even determined, by the sea. Yet, strangely our Caribbean civilisation has yet to reflect in public policy the real value and significance of the sea which joins us all. To be sure, each country in the region has its own ministry of fisheries but each m…
The recent collapse of the Doha round once again underscores the tenuous nature of
international trade negotiations. Likewise, the Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) between
the CARIFORUM grouping and the European Union (EU) has generated a great deal of
discussion and debate over the past several months. What has clearly emerged is the existence
of two diametrically opposed views on the impact and usefulness of the agreement. One view
has it that the EPA is a major breakthrough in trade relations that will greatly benefit the region.
On the other hand, some see it as being detrimental to th…
Este Boletín FAL presenta algunas de las características y los desafíos de las inversiones públicas en infraestructura mediante la aplicación de esquemas de asociaciones público-privadas en América Latina y el Caribe. Asimismo, se discute acerca del desempeño que han tenido las instituciones, la relevancia de elevar el estándar de las inversiones en infraestructura, sean éstas públicas o privadas, bajo enfoques orientados al desarrollo sostenible. Se subraya la importancia de la participación de las partes involucradas a lo largo del ciclo de vida del proyecto como requisito particularmente de…
This document is part of an effort to take inventory of the current state of ICT (Information and Communications Technologies) statistics in Latin American and Caribbean countries, particularly in National Statistic Offices (NSOs). In this study fifteen countries are investigated regarding three sources of information: Internet research, e-mails and phone calls and through the meta-data questionnaire Status of information society statistics in National Statistic Offices, applied to NSOs of Latin America and the Caribbean during August 2004 in the frame of OSILAC. The effort concluded with a wo…
AbstractUsing a GTAP CGE model/database, this paper assesses the possible effects of a free trade agreement (FTA); between the MERCOSUR and the European Union (EU);. The study takes into consideration the most important recent free trade agreements signed among the Latin American countries, as well as the latest European Union enlargements. With a 2004+ benchmark base scenario where tariffs were updated by the addition of information on trade agreements just signed by Latin American countries, two different policy simulations are addressed: (i); full liberalization, (ii); liberalization exclu…
Abstract Trade between the Central American Common Market (CACM) and the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) is very low. Only 0.2% of the two groups' trade is between them. A possible explanation for this might be a supposed lack of adequate transport services. This report analyzes if there exists a potential to promote inter-subregional trade by improving transport services. It is found that in fact there does not exist a lack of direct services. 17% of services that call in one of the subregions also call in the other. In addition, due to the increase in transshipment services, a…
Because international trade is essential for the Republic of Korea’s economic growth and development, the government actively promotes exports by large companies and especially by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Several programmes support participation by SMEs in cross-border e-commerce, which may have contributed to their rapidly rising exports through this channel. This report reviews selected programmes implemented by the Korea SMEs and Startups Agency (KOSME) and the Korea Trade-Investment Promotion Agency (KOTRA). To maximize the programmes’ impact, KOSME and KOTRA apply a circ…
Desde abril de 2020, el turismo en la región se ha detenido temporalmente como resultado de la pandemia de la enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19). Esta parálisis no solo ha afectado duramente a las economías y el empleo del Caribe, sino también a muchas comunidades locales de América Latina. En este informe se examina la contribución del turismo a las exportaciones, el producto interno bruto (PIB) y el empleo, así como la reciente disminución de esta actividad en la región. Un escenario del impacto muestra que la caída del turismo podría llevar a una disminución del crecimiento del PIB total…
Developing Asia and Latin America and the Caribbean are becoming the world's new growth poles. Economies in Developing Asia, led by the People's Republic of China, are growing three times as fast as the industrialized countries. Latin America and the Caribbean weathered the international crisis with remarkable resilience and emerged from it sooner and more strongly than the developed economies. In the coming years, the industrialized economies will continue to face complex challenges, in particular the need to control and gradually rein in the fiscal deficit and public debt in a cont…
Tariffs and non-tariff barriers having been reduced, the international community seeks to lower other trade transaction costs that are greater in developing countries. As a fruit of the effort, the WTO launched Aid for Trade (AfT) initiatives in 2005. Due to the considerable amount of AfT, there have been discussions on its effectiveness. This study continues the debate by analyzing the impact of AfT on reducing the cost and time to trade in 30 Latin American and Caribbean countries, where 10% of AfT is destined, for the period between 2004-2010, deploying a panel data fixed-effects model.…
Altas autoridades de gobiernos de América Latina, el Caribe y otras regiones del mundo, así como funcionarios y expertos del Sistema de las Naciones Unidas, organismos internacionales y regionales, sector privado, academia y sociedad civil, se darán cita en la sede de la CEPAL en Santiago de Chile del 31 de marzo al 4 de abril en la octava reunión del Foro de los Países de América Latina y el Caribe sobre el Desarrollo Sostenible para examinar los progresos y desafíos en el logro de la Agenda 2030 en la región, a cinco años de que se cumpla su plazo.
Ya está confirmada la asiste…
The present paper addresses the Alberta oilfield experience and draws up a set of principles for strategic public-private alliances for innovation and export development considered useful for the Latin American countries. According to the authors the lessons to extract are not reduced to countries with abundant hydrocarbon resources, and may be also useful to broader applications as the development of innovation in resource based industries, the construction of strategic public-private alliances and consensus building, the royalty regime, the appropriate fiscal policy, securing investments in …
During the last few decades, India’s trade with the Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries has grown substantially, especially in the area of Information Technology (IT) services. The definition of IT services now includes a plethora of IT-enabled services (ITeS) directed to specific sectors, including Agri-tech, Fin-tech, Health-tech, manufacturing and mining-based services, as well as e-commerce. This sector has attracted significant Indian investment in the region. Over the last decade, the share of the IT sector in total Indian Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the region has nearly…
In the late of 1990s, when use of the Internet began to spread to almost all of the activities undertaken by people and businesses around the world, Internet-based electronic commerce was expected to introduce revolutionary innovations in businesses, management and international trade. In particular, information-sharing with clients and the clients of clients, and coordination of business activities with trade partners based on shared information, or the so-called supply chain management (SCM), were expected to be introduced by firms in order to dramatically reduce business costs and establish…
Abstract As in other parts of the world, small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Latin America are important generators of employment while contributing to establishing certain social as well as regional 'equilibria' in the development process within the country. However, SMEs in Latin America are much less 'export-oriented'than their East Asian counterparts. SMEs in Latin America tend to produce import substitutes and non tradables while manufactured exports are still produced by large firms in relativelycapital-intensive ways. In contrast, many East Asian SMEs are…