1 Mayo 2007, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 11:51
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Publicación
Abstract In the early 1980s, within the wider structural adjustment and liberalisation framework, financial sector reform were initiated to allow greater facility of market forces in the pricing and allocation of financial resources. The sector has been increasingly liberalised since then with subsequent on-going reform addressing the legislative and regulatory frameworks. The on-going reforms have sought to improve resource flows for productive investment. Nevertheless, there are persistent fractures and imperfections in the credit market. Development banking seeks to define and reso…
27 Ene 2023, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 11:51
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Publicación
En este libro se presenta un análisis comparativo de las respuestas de política de los países en desarrollo de África, Asia y América Latina y el Caribe a los retos que una mayor apertura financiera externa y la flexibilidad de los precios y el tipo de cambio plantean a la estabilidad económica. La mayor apertura externa ha reducido considerablemente el margen normativo de las economías en desarrollo y, al mismo tiempo, ha aumentado el potencial de fragilidad e inestabilidad financieras. Estos retos, que han pasado a un primer plano desde la crisis financiera mundial de 2008-2009, también se m…
1 Abr 2017, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 11:51
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Caribbean countries have been seriously impacted by the trend toward “de-risking” in the global financial system, and this is damaging to their economic security and the ability of Caribbean businesses to innovate. De-risking is the name given to the tendency of banking institutions to turn away from working relationships and lines of business for which the cost of regulatory compliance—and the risk of non-compliance— is deemed to be too high in comparison to the returns. This is a phenomenon that is affecting developing economies around the world, but the small and vulnerable economies of the…
1 Ene 2011, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 11:51
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Publicación
This paper discusses the engagement of the European Investment Bank Group (EIB Group) with the financing and support of SMEs, both within the European Union (EU) as well as EU Candidate Countries and the Balkans. Indeed, lending and providing financial support to SMEs is one of the key core objectives of the EIB Group. The main focus of the paper is to describe and analyse the practises and experiences of the EIB Group in this field, to discuss the key lessons and to make policy recommendations to be considered within the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) context. The large role played by the …
1 Nov 2006, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 11:51
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Publicación
Abstract The unprecedented accumulation of international reserves by emerging markets raises the question of how to best utilize these funds; in particular if they should be held as a war chest to guard against the risk of financial crisis or if they should be used to recapitalize and strengthen weak banking systems. A third issue is if the resource cost could be limited by pooling the holdings of different central banks and if so, to what objectives should this reserve pool be put. This paper considers these questions with reference to the countries participating in the Latin American…
1 Abr 2003, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 11:51
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Publicación
Puerto Rico and Caribbean Community (CARICOM); Caribbean countries share important
common characteristics. They are open economies and while their trade specialization
patterns are heterogenous, historical, institutional and geographical factors have shaped
export and import linkages that are closely tied to those of the United States and Western
Europe.
CARICOM Caribbean economies and Puerto Rico also adopted, early on, a common approach
to development, that of 'industrialisation by invitation'. Its main elements included
fiscal incentives, the attraction of foreign direct investmen…
18 Mayo 1978, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 11:51
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Publicación
Se propone la creacion de un banco central regional para atender las necesidades fnancieras del grupo de paises que conforman los Estados Asociados de las Indias Occidentales.…
1. Rasgos generales de la evolución reciente La actividad económica en el Istmo Centroamericano registró en 2005 una expansión igual a la del año anterior (4%), apenas por debajo del promedio de América Latina y el Caribe (4,3%). Excluyendo a Panamá, la tasa de crecimiento se elevó de 3,3% a 3,6%. También fue notable una menor dispersión de las tasas alrededor del promedio. Todos los países se hallan en la fase expansiva del ciclo económico, ya que se cumplieron tres años de incremento del producto interno bruto (PIB) por habitante, después del retroceso ocurrido en el bienio 2001-2002. Si …
1 Oct 2014, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 11:51
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Publicación
The current survey provides an overview of the economic performance for 2013 of the Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Guyana, Jamaica, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago plus the eight member states of the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union (ECCU) and the outlook for 2014 and 2015. Data were collected from a review of reports from national governments and through interviews with government officials in each of the countries analyzed.…
9 Abr 2008, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 11:51
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Publicación
The bursting of the property bubble – subprime mortgage crisis – in 2007 in the United
States has engendered panic, recession fears and turmoil in the global financial system. Although
the United States economy grew by 0.6 per cent in the last quarter of 2007, down from 4.9 per
cent in the previous quarter, day by day worsening scenarios emerge, from escalating oil prices,
to a depreciating dollar and financial institutions’ bailout by the Federal Reserve. Many
economists and policy makers share the view that a subprime-led recession – i.e. two consecutive
quarters with negative growth – is in…
(*) This document was prepared by André A. Hofman of the Economic Projections Center of the Statistics Division, and Heriberto Tapia research assistant in the office of the Executive Secretary of ECLAC. The views expressed in this document, which has been reproduced without formal editing, are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Organization.. Abstract Potential output estimates are becoming increasingly important in policy design in Latin America (ECLAC, 2002) and the objective of this paper is to make a methodological contribution to this field of work…
1 Ene 2003, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 11:51
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Publicación
Hubert Escaith is Director of Statistics and Economic Projections Division, ECLAC. The views expressed in this document, which has been reproduced without formal editing, are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Organization.. This paper was prepared for the REDIMA workshop on Modeling Macroeconomic Coordination in the Andean Community, Santiago, Chile 22 October 2003. Introduction The early 1990s opened a new era for the analysis of economic interactions between Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) countries. Two channels, real and financial, conveyed th…
(*) Alfredo Calcagno and Sandra Manuelito, are Economic Affairs Officers with the Economic Projections Centre of the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC). Paper presented at the Seminar on the 'role of Central Bank Under-Dollarization', organized by the Central Bank of Ecuador, Quito, 22 and 23 March, 2001. The views expressed in this document, which has been reproduced without formal editing, are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Organization. Summary Latin America has had a great deal of exper…
1 Mar 2002, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 11:51
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Foreword In contrast to its situation during the lost decade , in the 1990s the Latin American and Caribbean region regained its access to international capital markets. Its return to these markets, in combination with a commitment to achieving basic macroeconomic equilibria, was manifested in smaller fiscal deficits and lower inflation, but the region has recovered only part of the ground it had lost in terms of its pace of economic growth. Thus, the region's economies have not been growing fast enough to strengthen their labour markets or to reduce poverty significantly. …
25 Sep 2025, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 11:51
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Nota informativa
Caribbean countries must be able to make the connection between climate finance and sustainable development to receive much-needed funding for climate resilience, mitigation, and adaptation. That is the view of ECLAC Caribbean consultant Cathal Healy-Singh, on how Caribbean SIDS (Small Island Developing States) can tackle what has emerged as one of their main development challenges.…
1 Feb 2005, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 11:51
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Publicación
Recent analytical work has focused on exchange-rate regimes and their general and specific consequences for growth and stability. Although significant progress has been made in formulating taxonomies of regimes, general consensus on which regimes are likely to prove optimal for given economies has proven elusive. In recent years, the five Andean economies have adapted a variety of exchange-rate regimes. Their experience appears to support the view that the most convenient exchange-rate regimes are those that afford policymakers sufficient freedom of maneuver to adjust their policies in r…
1 Ene 2003, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 11:51
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Preface This book consists of two complementary parts: (1) an analysis of new trends in various categories of capital flows to emerging economies since the Asian crisis, their determinants and their international policy implications, and (2) an evaluation of national policies to reduce the volatility of capital flows and the negative impact of such volatility on domestic economies. The book aims to help fill the gap in knowledge on what determines lenders/investors' decisions to enter or withdraw from individual developing countries. It examines how the decision-making process has be…
International flows of capital in the form of foreign direct investment have become an important means of promoting economic development in many countries. The spread of globalization and the activity of transnational corporations have been driving forces behind these flows have already been adequately analyzed. An important new phenomenon of recent decades is the rapid increase in the outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) flows from developing countries. Much less attention has been paid to outward investment by developing countries, mainly because it was negligible until recently.OFDI fro…
1 Nov 2000, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 11:51
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Introducción
During the 1990s the market for Latin America's debt grew in volume, types of instruments traded and number of investors and trade houses involved. Investors were drawn by high growthpotential and high yields in most Latin American countries, as well as by a general trend towards the implementation of economic and political reforms. As a result, the relative size of Latin America's market worldwide grew.This growth, however, was affected by a series of market events that underscored Latin America's vulnerability to financial shocks. Growth in trading volumes and ass…
15 - 18 Abr
2024, 04:00 - 10:00
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Evento (Foro de Países de América Latina y el Caribe sobre el Desarrollo Sostenible)
La Séptima Reunión del Foro de los Países de América Latina y el Caribe sobre el Desarrollo Sostenible se llevará a cabo en Santiago, del 15 al 18 de abril de 2024.…