Economic growth in the United States slowed to 2.1% year-on-year in the third quarter
of 2021, from 6.7% year-on-year in the second quarter of 2021. Consumer spending
in the third quarter rose at its slowest pace since the recovery began, as durable
goods spending fell sharply amid supply shortages and rising inflationary pressures.
The labour market remained strong, averaging 651,000 new jobs per month. With
the Federal Reserve shifting its stance towards reducing accommodative measures
at a faster pace, Latin America and the Caribbean may experience tighter external
financial conditions next…
Declining economic growth and competitiveness, the impact of the 2007–2009 global financial crisis, and the challenge of climate change and extreme weather events have hindered the sustainable development of Caribbean economies, the generation of sustained welfare gains and the achievement of key Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the subregion’s vulnerability to the vagaries of global aggregate demand and commodity prices, which have largely driven the subregion’s debt upwards and dampened economic growth before its onset, compromising its ec…
This article analyses the impact of the increasing use of electronic means of payment on the demand for cash (banknotes and coins). It estimates two models: one with panel data and the other with cross-sectional data. The two methodologies offer complementary views for evaluating the degree to which electronic means of payment act as a determinant of currency in circulation. The study identifies an intense substitution process between cash and electronic means of payment, which is common to most of the economies analysed. However, there are also a number of idiosyncratic factors that explain t…
En este artículo se investiga el impacto del creciente uso de medios de pago electrónicos sobre la demanda de dinero en efectivo (billetes y monedas) a partir de la estimación de dos modelos, uno con datos de panel y otro con datos de corte transversal. Ambas metodologías ofrecen visiones complementarias en la evaluación de la incidencia de los medios de pago electrónicos como determinantes del circulante. Se encuentra que existe un intenso proceso de sustitución entre circulante y medios de pago electrónicos, que es común a la mayoría de las
economías analizadas. Sin embargo, existen factores…
Against the backdrop of low global interest rates and borrowing costs, bond issuances in international markets by Latin American and Caribbean countries totalled US$ 124 billion in the first nine months of 2021, up 6% from the year-earlier period. Of this total, almost US$ 40 billion (31.5%) were issued to finance environmental, social and governance (ESG) projects and strategies. Sustainability-linked bonds were the region’s most frequently used ESG instrument.
Capital flows to Latin America and the Caribbean: first nine months of 2021 presents and analyses the developments concerning capital…
En este documento se incorporan las pautas elementales derivadas del derecho a la igualdad y no discriminación dispuestas en la Ley Federal para Prevenir y Eliminar la Discriminación (LFPED) y se responde a la búsqueda de la promoción de la igualdad en las esferas sociales, políticas y económicas de la vida de la población mexicana. En el estudio se reconoce la naturaleza transversal del problema de la discriminación estructural y su impacto en los bajos niveles de bancarización que prevalecen en México, buscando visibilizar los procesos discriminatorios que se fundamentan en prejuicios incons…
En este número de “Claves de la CEPAL para el Desarrollo” se presentan los mensajes claves de la edición 2021 del Estudio Económico de América Latina y el Caribe, publicado por la CEPAL en octubre de 2021. En dicho informe anual se analiza el desempeño de la economía regional en 2020 y su evolución durante los primeros meses de 2021, así como las perspectivas de crecimiento para 2021 y 2022. Asimismo, se examinan las repercusiones de la crisis generada por la pandemia de enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19) en los mercados laborales de la región y se hace una comparación con la trayectoria hi…
En el presente documento se sintetizan los datos disponibles sobre las experiencias regionales de modelos, políticas e instrumentos públicos de garantía de créditos. El trabajo se sustenta en estudios de casos realizados de manera conjunta por la Secretaría de la Pequeña y Mediana Empresa y los Emprendedores (SEPYME) del Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo de la Argentina y la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL). Las experiencias destacadas ponen de manifiesto la enorme potencialidad de los sistemas públicos de garantía para facilitar la inclusión de las pequeñas y media…
The United States rebounded rapidly and robustly from the COVID-19 pandemic recession in the first half of 2021, as federal stimulus spending helped the economy expand at an annualized rate of over 6%. However, the economic recovery remains uneven.
The United States economic outlook: first half 2021 presents and analyses macroeconomic developments in the United States economy and examines how they could affect financial conditions in Latin America and the Caribbean. The report includes a gender focus on the labour market impact of the pandemic.…
Os temas dos investimentos estrangeiros e seus impactos sobre o desenvolvimento econômico são centrais a todo modelo de políticas públicas. Não existe, ainda, no sistema internacional econômico, uma organização que se ocupe do amplo tema dos investimentos. A Organização Mundial de Comércio (OMC) trata do tema apenas parcialmente no Acordo sobre Serviços, no seu modo de prestação comercial de serviços no âmbito doméstico, quando o fornecedor é estrangeiro. Os acordos preferenciais tratam do tema em mais detalhes, mas estes acabaram criando uma séria fragmentação nas regras. A Organização para a…
The Executive Secretary of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), Alicia Bárcena, reaffirmed today that developing countries and especially middle-income countries (which comprise the majority of the region’s nations) need a liquidity boost and to participate actively in debt relief initiatives.
“The developed world is investing to achieve the 2030 Agenda’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and a green recovery, but developing countries are being left behind,” the Commission’s highest authority warned during a session entitled Investing in the SDGs, held in the…
La Secretaria Ejecutiva de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), Alicia Bárcena, reafirmó hoy que los países en desarrollo y especialmente los países de ingreso medio (que incluyen a la mayoría de la región) necesitan un impulso de liquidez y participar activamente en las iniciativas de alivio de la deuda.
“El mundo desarrollado está invirtiendo para alcanzar los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) de la Agenda 2030 y para una recuperación verde, pero los países en desarrollo se están quedando atrás”, advirtió la máxima autoridad de la Comisión durante la sesión t…
A transformative recovery in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic requires a global covenant with full inclusion of middle-incomes countries since they are key actors of global development, Alicia Bárcena, Executive Secretary of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), indicated today during the High-level Meeting on Middle-Income Countries, convened in New York by the President of the 75th session of the United Nations General Assembly, Volkan Bozkir.
The meeting, focused on the theme of “Fine-tuning the development system approach to address the needs of Middle-Incom…
Una recuperación transformadora tras la pandemia de COVID-19 requiere una alianza global con total inclusión de los países de ingreso medio ya que estos son actores claves para el desarrollo mundial, señaló hoy Alicia Bárcena, Secretaria Ejecutiva de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), durante la Reunión de alto nivel sobre los Países de Ingreso Medio, convocada en Nueva York por el Presidente de la 75⁰ sesión de la Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidas, Volkan Bozkir.
La reunión, realizada bajo el tema "Afinando el enfoque del sistema de desarrollo para abordar la…
Latin American and Caribbean debt issuers reached a historic milestone in the first quarter of 2021, with the highest quarterly issuance on record (US$ 52 billion) in international bond markets. Including April, regional bond issuance in international markets totalled US$ 65.5 billion in the first four months of 2021. In addition, green, social and sustainability bond issuance reached a new high of US$ 16.6 billion at the end of April, which included a surge in sustainability-linked bonds.
Capital Flows to Latin America and the Caribbean: First four months of 2021 presents and analyses the dev…
The COVID-19 crisis has hit Latin America and the Caribbean harder than any other developing region. In 2020 the regional GDP will experience its greatest decline in 120 years. The pandemic represents a formidable social challenge, exposing all the regions’ endemic problems. Against this backdrop, this paper analyses the Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) response to the COVID-19 crisis and their post-pandemic role and prospects in LAC. Some basic information is presented on the major MDBs that serve the region and their main trends during the last decade to provide an adequate context.…
The United States economy contracted by 3.5% in 2020 —the worst performance since the Second World War— but is currently expected to grow by an estimated 6.5% in 2021, the fastest pace in three decades. While there is optimism for the growth outlook this year and beyond, uncertainty and risks prevail.
The United States economic outlook: 2020 in review and early 2021 developments presents and analyses the developments in the United States economy in 2020 and early 2021, and examines how they could affect financial conditions in Latin America and the Caribbean. The report includes a gender focus…
The XXXIII Regional Seminar on Fiscal Policy, one of the main forums of reference for discussing issues related to the public finances of Latin American and Caribbean countries, concluded this Friday, April 23, with three webinars featuring prominent specialists who debated matters of financing for development, tax evasion and illicit flows, as well as climate finance.
The final day of the seminar – which has served for 33 years as a high-level, multilateral regional space for exchanging opinions about the region’s macroeconomic and fiscal policies and challenges – began with a webinar entitle…
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