Regional and productive inequality may stem from the agricultural modernization
process, in which some agents are able to incorporate and absorb technological
content, while others are excluded, not only from the innovative organizational
environment, but also from learning processes and the dissemination of new
production techniques and knowledge. This paper analyses family farming, by
making comparisons in regional terms and by groups of producers using high,
medium and low technology. It also calculates the productive inequality index (Gini
coefficient of gross income) of the north, north-e…
No pricing system is likely to be able to do away with congestion in port cargo
transfer operations at peak times, since port use is determined not so much by
seasonal factors as, first and foremost, by the simultaneous arrival of vessels, which
results in rationing. This article shows that rationing, to be efficient, needs to go by
the value of the cargo transferred rather than following a first-come-first-served rule.
It demonstrates that efficient rationing gives priority to containerized cargo, followed
by break bulk cargo, with bulk cargo in last place. These findings are applied to
cargo…
This article analyses the performance of transnational corporations in Chilean
manufacturing industry. The findings show that while the productivity of subsidiaries
of foreign-owned firms is higher than that of local firms, the same is not true of
productivity growth. They also show that there are no significant differences in
market survival rates between transnational corporations and local firms. However,
firms under mainly foreign ownership that are small and have low productivity are
more likely to exit the market, displaying more footloose behaviour than their local
counterparts. This is…
Previous studies about the relationship between the cyclical components of Mexico's
output and unemployment suggest that it closely resembles that found in the
economy of the United States of America. This would indicate that the dynamics
between output and labour markets in the two economies are rather similar. However,
these estimates are puzzling for they do not correspond to a characterization made
to Mexico's labour market. Using a methodology first proposed by Clark (1989),
we find that the correlation between the transitory components of output and
unemployment is much lower t…
This article presents and discusses empirical evidence on external technology
absorption facilitated by activities performed inside firms. Indicators of internal
and external learning are developed and applied in statistical causality models, to
distinguish possible ways in which technology can be absorbed. Industrial activity
sectors at the three-digit level of the National Classification of Economic Activities
(NACE) are the basic reference units of the research, which uses the information
generated by Brazil's Survey of Technological Innovation (PINTEC). The results show
that in-house …
In recognition of the telecommunications industry’s increasing importance for the growth and competitiveness of Latin American countries, this edition of the FAL Bulletin is based on the presentation given by Mr. Patricio Rozas of the Infrastructure Services Unit of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), at the International Forum on New Telecommunications and Broadcasting Models, organized by the Senate of the Republic of Mexico and held in Mexico City between 28 and 30 October 2013.…
Dada la creciente importancia de la industria de las
telecomunicaciones en el crecimiento y competitividad
de los países de América Latina, esta edición del
Boletín FAL está dedicada a la presentación realizada
por el funcionario de la Unidad de Servicios de
Infraestructura, el señor Patricio Rozas, en el Foro
Internacional sobre Nuevos Modelos de
Telecomunicaciones y Radiodifusión, llevado a cabo
en Ciudad de México del 28 al 30 de octubre de 2013.…
Este informe forma parte de una serie de estudios de caso nacionales cuyo propósito es difundir el conocimiento sobre la situación actual de los sistemas de protección social en los países de América Latina y el Caribe, así como discutir los principales desafíos en este ámbito en términos de la realización de los derechos económicos y sociales de la población y el logro de los objetivos de desarrollo claves, tales como la superación de la pobreza y el hambre.…
Based on a model of the broadband ecosystem developed by the authors in their 2010 book, Fast-tracking the digital revolution: Broadband for Latin America and the Caribbean, they now analyse the evolution of this technology in Latin America, assess the economic impacts of its diffusion, propose public policies for its expansion and debate the future of the ecosystem.
The policy analyses and proposals presented in the book focus on national programmes to foster universal broadband access and the debate on Internet neutrality. The study of the current trends highlights the progress of cloud comp…
El comercio internacional es un componente fundamental de la globalización y del proceso de desarrollo económico en el cual se inserta América Latina y el Caribe. Este proceso lleva concomitante también, un proceso de financiamiento cuyas características son importantes de comprender y que constituyen el foco de este documento, orientado desde la perspectiva del desarrollo de América Latina.
Los patrones de comercio internacional han cambiado en el tiempo, con consecuencias de distinto orden. La primera ola de globalización, desde mediados del siglo XIX hasta 1913, se caracterizó por un fuerte…
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