Estudio Económico de América Latina y el Caribe 2019

Report of the Eighteenth Meeting of the Executive Committee of the Statistical Conference of the Americas of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean

Informe de la XVIII Reunión del Comité Ejecutivo de la Conferencia Estadística de las Américas de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe

U.S. Economic Outlook: Quarterly developments

Highlights: • In the first quarter of 2019, the U.S. economy grew at an above-trend annualized rate of 3.1%, despite the government shutdown and concerns about residual seasonality. Growth was driven by exports and a buildup in inventories. • In May, U.S. employers added just 75,000 jobs, one of the smaller gains since the recession ended in mid-2009. • U.S. consumer price inflation moderated in May, suggesting inflationary pressures remain muted. Over the last 12 months, the all items Consumer Price Index (CPI) rose 1.8%. The core CPI was up 2.0%. • The U.S. current account deficit fell to US…

“ECLAC Notes” Marks 100 Editions Informing the Entire Region about the Commission’s Work

Nearly 21 years ago, in November 1998, the “ECLAC Notes” bulletin came into being, and today we publish its 100th edition. We celebrate this anniversary with great pride, since we are certain that this newsletter has become a key instrument for communicating – not only to the media, but also to the entire community – ECLAC’s proposals for achieving sustainable development in Latin American and Caribbean countries and for promoting the well-being of all its inhabitants. An occasion like this invites us to reflect on the constant efforts that our institution has made to put the data and statisti…

Notas de la CEPAL cumple 100 ediciones informando sobre el quehacer cepalino a toda la región

Hace ya casi 21 años, en noviembre de 1998, nació el boletín “Notas de la CEPAL”, que hoy publica su edición N⁰ 100. Con mucho orgullo celebramos este aniversario, ya que estamos seguros de que este informativo se ha convertido en una herramienta principal para comunicar no solo a los medios de comunicación, sino a toda la comunidad, las propuestas de la CEPAL para alcanzar el desarrollo sostenible en los países de América Latina y el Caribe y promover el bienestar de todos sus habitantes. Una ocasión como esta nos invita a reflexionar sobre los permanentes esfuerzos que ha hecho nuestra insti…

“Notas da CEPAL” completa 100 edições informando as atividades da CEPAL a toda a região

Há quase 21 anos, em novembro de 1998, nasceu o boletim “Notas da CEPAL”, que hoje publica sua edição N⁰ 100. Com muito orgulho comemoramos este aniversário, já que estamos certos de que este informativo se converteu numa ferramenta importante para comunicar, não só aos meios de comunicação, mas a toda a comunidade, as propostas da CEPAL para alcançar o desenvolvimento sustentável nos países da América Latina e do Caribe e promover o bem-estar de todos os seus habitantes. Uma ocasião como esta nos convida a refletir sobre os permanentes esforços que nossa instituição envidou para colocar à dis…

Forum of the Countries of Latin America and the Caribbean on Sustainable Development Begins with a Call to Strengthen Multilateralism and Regional Cooperation

With a call to strengthen multilateralism, democracy and regional cooperation, the third meeting of the Forum of the Countries of Latin America and the Caribbean on Sustainable Development was inaugurated today at ECLAC’s headquarters in Santiago, Chile. This event brings together representatives of government, civil society, international organizations, the private sector and academia to review the progress and challenges related to implementing the 2030 Agenda in the region. The high-level event – organized by the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) and the govern…

Foro de los Países de América Latina y el Caribe sobre el Desarrollo Sostenible inicia con llamado a fortalecer el multilateralismo y la cooperación regional

Con un llamado a fortalecer el multilateralismo, la democracia y la cooperación regional se inauguró hoy en la sede de la CEPAL en Santiago de Chile, la tercera reunión del Foro de los Países de América Latina y el Caribe sobre el Desarrollo Sostenible, que reúne a representantes de gobiernos, sociedad civil, organismos internacionales, sector privado y academia, con el objetivo de revisar los avances y desafíos de la implementación de la Agenda 2030 en la región. El evento de alto nivel, organizado por la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL) y el Gobierno de Cuba -en su…

Fórum dos Países da América Latina e do Caribe sobre o Desenvolvimento Sustentável se inicia com um chamado para fortalecer o multilateralismo e a cooperação regional

Com um chamado para fortalecer o multilateralismo, a democracia e a cooperação foi inaugurada hoje na sede da CEPAL em Santiago, Chile, a Terceira Reunião do Fórum dos Países da América Latina e do Caribe sobre o Desenvolvimento Sustentável, que reúne representantes de governos, da sociedade civil, de organismos internacionais, do setor privado e da academia, com o objetivo de revisar os avanços e desafios da implementação da Agenda 2030 na região. O evento de alto nível, organizado pela Comissão Econômica para a América Latina e o Caribe (CEPAL) e o Governo de Cuba - em sua qualidade de Pres…

Challenges in innovation management for Latin America and the Caribbean: an efficiency analysis

Applying data envelopment analysis (DEA) to data from the 2016 Global Innovation Index (GII) (Cornell University/INSEAD/WIPO, 2016), the paper evaluates the efficiency of 19 Latin American and Caribbean economies in creating innovation-friendly environments. Where the region performs best is on infrastructure and adaptation of information and communication technologies (ICTs), but there are problems with human capital formation, the conduct and impact of research, and institutional aspects. The output of countries such as Chile and Colombia proved lower than expected given their factors, meani…

Los retos en la gestión de la innovación para América Latina y el Caribe: un análisis de eficiencia

Con datos del Índice Global de Innovación (IGI) de 2016 (Universidad de Cornell/INSEAD/OMPI, 2016) y apoyo del análisis envolvente de datos (AED) se evalúa la eficiencia de las 19 economías de América Latina y el Caribe en la creación de entornos favorables para la innovación. El mejor desempeño en la región se consigue en materia de infraestructura y adaptación de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones (TIC), pero se evidencian problemas en formación de capital humano, desarrollo e impacto de la investigación y aspectos institucionales. Países como Chile y Colombia mostraron u…

Labour market fluidity and employment outcomes in Colombia: evidence from employer-employee linked data

Labour market flexibility has been a traditional subject of study in labour economics; recent literature has focused on the related concept of fluidity, broadly understood as the mobility of workers and jobs in the labour market. Here, we compute standard measures of fluidity for the Colombian urban labour market, finding evidence of increased fluidity, especially after 2010. Recent developments in equilibrium unemployment models predict, in general settings, a negative relationship between some fluidity measures and the equilibrium rate of unemployment. Recent literature on worker and job flo…

Fluidez del mercado laboral y resultados en materia de empleo en Colombia: evidencia derivada de datos enlazados de empleadores y empleados

La literatura sobre la flexibilidad de los mercados laborales también se relaciona con el concepto de fluidez entendida en un sentido amplio como la movilidad de trabajadores y empleos en el mercado laboral. Calculamos las mediciones estándar de fluidez del mercado laboral urbano de Colombia y el aumento de la fluidez, especialmente después de 2010. Los modelos de desempleo de equilibrio predicen, en general, una relación negativa entre algunas de las mediciones de la fluidez y la tasa de desempleo de equilibrio. La literatura reciente sobre flujos de trabajadores y empleos señala aspectos ben…

Who has been driving the creation of industrial employment in Argentina? An analysis of the role of innovation

This paper analyses the relationship between innovation and job creation in firms. In particular, it seeks out data on the role played by innovation during the latest phase of expansion in Argentine manufacturing employment (2010–2012). It uses the model proposed by Harrison and others (2014), taking an instrumental variables approach and drawing data from the recently concluded National Survey of Employment Dynamics and Innovation (ENDEI). The results show that process innovations do not influence employment growth, but that this is positively affected by product innovations. The latter also …

¿Quién impulsó la generación de empleo industrial en la Argentina? Un análisis sobre el rol de la innovación

En este trabajo se analiza la relación entre innovación y generación de empleo en la empresa. En particular, se buscan datos sobre el papel que desempeñó la innovación durante la última fase de expansión del empleo manufacturero en la Argentina (2010-2012). Se utiliza el modelo propuesto por Harrison y otros (2014), con un enfoque de variables instrumentales y sobre la base de la Encuesta Nacional de Dinámica del Empleo y la Innovación (ENDEI), recientemente finalizada. Los resultados muestran que las innovaciones de proceso no influyen en el crecimiento del empleo, que resulta positivamente a…

CEPAL Review no. 127

Revista CEPAL no. 127

Perspectivas económicas de México 2019

La actividad económica de México tendrá un crecimiento real del 1,7% en 2019…

Statistical capacity of more than 20 Caribbean countries to be strengthened

Statisticians from the statistical offices of over twenty Caribbean countries and overseas territories will soon be equipped with increased capacity in census planning, management and implementation. A four-day workshop organised by the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) and the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), in collaboration with the Secretariat for the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), will take place in Kingston, Jamaica, from 8 to 11 April 2019. Caribbean statistical offices will be carrying out population and housing censuses between 2020 and 2022…