México: evolución económica durante 2006 y perspectivas para 2007. Abstract: Mexico: economic evolution during 2006 and outlook for 2007.…
Access to credit is a key component for business development. Yet, for women in Latin America and the Caribbean, there are barriers which hinder this access, hamper women’s entrepreneurship and slow economic empowerment efforts in the region. One of these barriers is risk aversion, both as supply and demand constraint. On the supply side, financial institutions may exhibit inherent gender bias by providing lower levels of financing and higher interest rates to women entrepreneurs. On the demand side, women entrepreneurs may refrain from approaching financial institutions for fear of rejection …
Dear Chair, Excellencies, all protocols observed. Middle-income countries, or MICs, comprise 107 states worldwide. They constitute a large share of countries in the Arab Region, Asia Pacific and Latin America and the Caribbean, and thirty out of 54 African countries are middle-income. They represent over 75% of the world’s population and are home to 62% of the world’s poor. They account for a third of global GDP, 45% of total investment, and 30% of total exports. These figures speak for themselves about the importance of the MICs in the world and for the implementation of the 2030 Agenda…
The effectiveness and efficiency of a national vocational education and training (VET) system depends, amongst others, on whether it provides its learners with the required skills now and in the future. These requirements have changed over the last decades and they are expected to change again in the future. National VET systems need to adapt to these changes in time to avoid costly skill mismatches as not having the right skills means lower wages and lower job satisfaction for workers, lower productivity and more hiring costs for employers, and lower economic output for the economy as a whole…
Flow-of-funds accounting permit to monitor the financial sector in terms of flows and stocks and to analyze its relationship with the real sector. These show inter-sectoral financial flows, capture balance sheet positions and all financial transactions by instrument, type and economic sector. In this paper we explain the methodology for the construction of flow-of-funds accounts and we exemplify their use for two source cases of study: the Mexican Crisis (1994-1995) and the Asian Crisis (1997-1998). Using similar sources of data, the same methodology and approach for the construction of all t…
Ver galería de fotos (3 de junio, 2014) La Secretaria Ejecutiva de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), Alicia Bárcena, y el Jefe de Gobierno de la Ciudad de México, Miguel Ángel Mancera, llamaron hoy a universalizar los derechos de las personas mayores durante la inauguración de un foro internacional sobre esta materia que se celebrará hasta el 6 de junio en la capital mexicana. En la apertura del encuentro, denominado Segundo foro internacional sobre los derechos humanos de las personas mayores, participó también Rosa Icela Rodríguez, Secretaria de Desarrollo…
(20 de mayo, 2014) La Secretaria Ejecutiva de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), Alicia Bárcena, subrayó hoy, al inaugurar en París el II Foro Económico Europa-América Latina, que en esta última región "se requieren pactos sociales y políticos en la sociedad como un todo, así como una nueva ecuación Estado, mercado, sociedad, para fortalecer instituciones y alcanzar la igualdad". El foro, organizado por la CEPAL, la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE) y la Escuela de Economía de París (PSE, por sus siglas en inglés), con el apoyo de lo…
(9 de febrero 2010) Mientras más bajo sea el nivel educativo de los jóvenes, menor será su acceso a empleos de calidad y alta productividad, particularmente entre las mujeres, afirmó el Secretario Ejecutivo Adjunto de la CEPAL, Antonio Prado, durante el II Foro América Latina y el Caribe - Unión Europea (ALC-UE) que tiene lugar en Lima. El Foro se realiza entre el 8-10 de febrero bajo el título "La promoción del trabajo decente para los jóvenes, nuevas capacidades para nuevos empleos", y en él participan ministros de Estado, altos funcionarios de gobierno de una docena de países de la región y…
La sexta reunión del Foro de los Países de América Latina y el Caribe sobre el Desarrollo Sostenible, en la que autoridades y representantes de los gobiernos, del Sistema de las Naciones Unidas, organismos internacionales, sector privado, academia y sociedad civil revisarán los avances y desafíos de la implementación de la Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible en la región, se realizará del 25 al 28 de abril en la sede de la CEPAL en Santiago, Chile. El Foro regional -que se realiza anualmente desde 2017- busca proporcionar a los responsables de la implementación de la Agenda 2030 en los p…
El Foro Político de Alto Nivel que se desarrolla en la sede de las Naciones Unidas en Nueva York, entre el 9 y el 18 de julio, invita a los países miembros a presentar sus avances en la implementación de la Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible, adoptada en 2015, e intercambiar experiencias en la construcción de sociedades más resilientes. Con este objetivo, el Foro este año se enfoca principalmente en cinco de los 17 Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) cuya implementación contribuye a fortalecer la resiliencia económica, social y ambiental. Avanzar hacia sociedades más resilientes e…
Caribbean governments are set to gain greater capacity in the management of public finance. During the next three years, the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) will help deepen the expertise of policy-makers and finance managers in the application of methods and procedures for better management and forecasting of public expenditure, revenue and debt. The recent global economic crisis has been particularly severe on the economies of the Caribbean, especially on those that depend heavily on services for their economic growth. Four countries in the region have h…
The current survey provides an overview of the economic performance for 2011 and the outlook for 2012 of the Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Guyana, Jamaica, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago, and of the eight member countries of the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union (ECCU), namely Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, St Vincent and the Grenadines, Anguilla and Montserrat. The introduction summarizes the economic performance of the Caribbean in 2011 and the growth outcomes for 2012. Section A examines the current global economic difficulties and the challenges p…
This survey provides an overview of the economic performance of the Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Guyana, Jamaica, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago, together with the eight member countries of the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union (ECCU) countries for 2010 and their outlook for 2011. The first section is a summary of the main issues raised in the report including an assessment of the economic prospects for 2011. Chapter II analyses the impact of the global economy on the subregion then provides a comparative analysis of the GDP and sectoral growth performance. This is followed by the subsection on…
This paper shows that the Brazilian economic relations with China are intensifying at an unprecedented pace. This obviously brings about new challenges and opportunities. It is also shown that relations with specific provinces in China vary significantly, as illustrated by the available indicators for Shanghai, in comparison to other provinces. And last but not least, the paper has shown the rich recent experience of one Brazilian company that has benefited from the sharp increase of Chinese demand for raw material. This is a typical case of a new scenario for Brazilian firms, one where the fi…
This report addresses the organization, nature, and prospects for labor law enforcement in Central America and the Dominican Republic. It draws a distinction between the Anglo-American approach to enforcement, which is rooted in deterrence and punishment, and the Latin alternative, which is rooted in conciliation and training. And it argues that the Latin approach is--at least in theory--better able to reconcile the labor force's need for protection with the economy's demand for flexibility. Finally, it reviews recent changes in the subregion's labor inspection systems, …
The mission was made at the request of the Jamaican Government, undertaken with the UNDP with a group of multi-sectoral, inter-institutional group of experts and consultants that assessed the damage following ECLAC's methodology for the evaluation of the socio-economic and environmental impact of disasters 2 and prepared a report with the assistance of the Planning Institute of Jamaica. The report was presented on 19 October 2004 to the Minister of Finance for their consideration in organizing the reconstruction process, establish additional resources needed for the country and adopt miti…
The member countries of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) have called for an integrated approach to development. Despite making significant macroeconomic progress in the 1990s, the Latin American economies reached the end of the decade with relative poverty levels above those of 1980, while labour market conditions have worsened in most countries. To achieve development with equity, it is essential to apply a gender perspective to public-policy formation, as a technical-analytical instrument to accompany the overall ethical-political goal. For the United Nati…
Abstract This document provides an overview of trade relations between Asia and the Pacific and Latin America and explores the possibilities for expanding the modalities of economic relations between the two regions. The analysis covers 12 countries in Asia and Oceania and 11 members of the Latin American Integration Association (LAIA). Interregional cooperation in trade and investment has been on the agendas of countries in both regions for some time. It is often expressed that the present economic relations between the two regions do not reflect the potential for interregional trade and inve…
Abstract This paper is an attempt to quantify the process of structural reform in Latin America in five areas: trade reform, financial liberalization, tax reform, liberalization of external capital transactions and privatization. It presents indexes for these five areas for 17 countries for the period 1970-1995. The resulting indexes permit one to make comparisons of the degree of reform across countries over time and to examine in a quantitative way the impact of these reforms. The indexes show that the reform process has not been uniform across time, country, or area of reform. The reforms s…
Inés de la Peña, forthcoming in Financing for Development Series, ECLAC…