Este ensayo precisa los puntos centrales del debate sobre los recursos naturales. Destaca las cuestiones vinculadas a la soberanía, el reparto de beneficios, el deterioro de la relación de precios del intercambio y la ínstitucionalidad de los mercados mundiales, las que tuvieron especial relevancia en los últimos cuarenta años. Sugiere que en el debate actual deberá superarse el sesgo reinvindicativo, para concentrarse en los problemas de la sustentabilidad y la competitividad y concluye con la proposición de una iniciativa regional para fortalecer la capacidad de gestión del patrimonio y los …
The constitution of a new international industrial order dominated by a core of large transnational corporations generally makes life more difficult for the great majority of developing countries because, since most are not in a position to compete effectively, they face still greater marginalization. TNCS more than ever before can significantly influence the international competitiveness and therefore the nature of incorporation of developing countries into the new increasingly integrated international production system. The national origin and form of foreign direct investment and technology…
Latin American manufacturing industry has undergone various changes in recent years. It has registered a favourable performance as far as exports are concerned, but production and investment have grown only slowly in a context of sluggish recovery of domestic demand and greater foreign competition. Other features are greater specialization in natural resource-based intermediate goods characterized by the importance of economies of scale, relatively long lead times for the heavy investments required, and the presence of privatized and transnational enterprises. At the same time, there are signs…
In accordance with the mandate it received at the twenty-third session, in this document the secretariat has attempted to delve further into the links among technical progress, international competitiveness and social equity, although it does not, certainly, purport to have exhausted these subjects. Two qualifying remarks are called for here. First, the secretariat is deliberately abstaining from becoming embfoiled in the theoretical aspects of a controversy which has raged for centuries, and particularly since the French revolution, i.e., the debate surrounding the cause-and-effect relationsh…
Presentación Hace dos años, la Secretaría de la CEPAL planteó una propuesta para el desarrollo de los países de América Latina y el Caribe en el decenio de los noventa, bajo el título Transformación productiva con equidad.(1) Dicha propuesta, que constituyó una especie de hito en el ejercicio de reflexión iniciado mucho antes (2), fue sometida al vigésimo tercer período de sesiones de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe, y ampliamente debatida.(3) La propuesta se concibió originalmente como parte de un proceso permanente de actualización de ideas, y no como un producto final.…