En este documento se presenta un balance preliminar de las economías de Centroamérica (Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua y Panamá) y la República Dominicana (CARD) en 2022 y se presentan las perspectivas para 2023. Es un análisis de coyuntura elaborado por la Unidad de Desarrollo Económico de la sede subregional de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL) en México, con información disponible al 31 de enero de 2023.…
En su edición 2022, el Balance Preliminar de las Economías de América Latina y el Caribe examina el comportamiento de las economías de la región durante el presente año y actualiza las estimaciones de crecimiento y otros indicadores económicos que reflejan el impacto sufrido por los países de la región a raíz de la crisis del COVID-19 y su posterior recuperación. En particular, este informe anual presenta nuevas estimaciones del producto interno bruto (PIB) para la región y todos sus países en 2022 y proyecciones para 2023. El documento analiza la dinámica económica y social del año que recién…
Latin American and Caribbean issuers placed US$ 64 billion in bonds on international bond markets in 2022, the smallest annual amount since 2008. In January 2023, sovereign and corporate bond issuers from the region placed almost US$ 17 billion in international bonds, a sizable improvement from the last few months of 2022, but a weaker January issuance than in previous years.
The region’s international bond issuance of green, social, sustainability and sustainability-linked (GSSS) bonds followed the broader market trend of declining bond activity owing to worsening macroeconomic conditions. Th…
Los países de América Latina y el Caribe enfrentan un panorama económico desafiante en 2023. En el frente externo se espera una mayor desaceleración tanto del crecimiento como del comercio mundial, precios de productos básicos más bajos que en 2022 y condiciones financieras a nivel mundial que seguirán influidas por la aversión al riesgo y las políticas monetarias restrictivas en los países desarrollados.…
This survey examines the economic performance of economies of the Caribbean in 2021 and the first few months of 2022 and comprises five chapters. The first chapter gives an overview of global, regional and subregional economic performance in the Caribbean. The second provides an analysis of the subregion’s fiscal performance and debt burden. The third looks at monetary policy and their impacts. The fourth is focused on the external sector, while the fifth concludes.…
En este libro se presenta un análisis comparativo de las respuestas de política de los países en desarrollo de África, Asia y América Latina y el Caribe a los retos que una mayor apertura financiera externa y la flexibilidad de los precios y el tipo de cambio plantean a la estabilidad económica. La mayor apertura externa ha reducido considerablemente el margen normativo de las economías en desarrollo y, al mismo tiempo, ha aumentado el potencial de fragilidad e inestabilidad financieras. Estos retos, que han pasado a un primer plano desde la crisis financiera mundial de 2008-2009, también se m…
Esta edição de Perspectivas do Comércio Internacional da América Latina e do Caribe corresponde a 2022 e tem três capítulos. O capítulo I examina a evolução recente do comércio mundial e regional num contexto marcado pelo conflito entre a Rússia e a Ucrânia, taxas de inflação historicamente elevadas, desaceleração da economia mundial, tensões geopolíticas e as dificuldades que a China enfrenta para conter a pandemia de COVID-19. O capítulo II apresenta um panorama do comércio exterior de manufaturas da região durante as últimas três décadas, com ênfase no desempenho exportador. O capítulo III …
The Joint Program “Support for the development of an Integrated National Financing Framework for the SDGs in Cuba” (CIFFRA) is part of the more than 60 experiences implemented worldwide to finance the 2030 Agenda under the global framework agreed upon by world leaders in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia in 2015. CIFFRA is part of the initiatives funded by the Joint SDG Fund of the United Nations System (Joint SDG Fund).
CIFFRA Policy Notes represent an effort by the project's Technical Committee to document, executively, its main progress, results and messages. This first note is dedicated t…
This overview examines the economic performance of economies of the Caribbean in 2021 and comprises four chapters. The first chapter provides a comparative analysis across Caribbean economies of the main macroeconomic variables, namely GDP growth, monetary indicators, as well as fiscal and external accounts. The second chapter concludes, while the annex includes individual country briefs that give an overview of the economic situation for the Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Guyana, Jamaica, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and a subregional assessment of the countries of the Eastern Caribbean Currenc…
This book presents a comparative analysis of the policy responses of developing countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America and the Caribbean to the challenges that greater external financial openness and price and exchange-rate flexibility pose to economic stability. Greater external openness has significantly narrowed developing economies’ policy space, while at the same time increasing the potential for financial fragility and instability. These challenges, which have come to the fore since the global financial crisis of 2008–2009, are also manifest in the profound impact of the COVID-19 pa…
In its 2022 edition, this ECLAC annual report examines the foreign trade performance of the region’s economies during the year. It consists of three chapters. The first examines recent developments in global and regional trade amid the conflict between the Russian Federation and Ukraine, record-high inflation rates, the global economic slowdown, geopolitical tensions and the difficulties faced by China in containing the COVID-19 pandemic. Chapter II presents an overview of the region’s foreign trade in manufactures in the past three decades, with particular emphasis on its export performance. …
En su edición 2022, este informe anual de la CEPAL examina el comportamiento del comercio exterior de las economías durante el año y consta de tres capítulos. El primero examina la evolución reciente del comercio mundial y regional en un contexto marcado por el conflicto entre la Federación de Rusia y Ucrania, tasas de inflación históricamente elevadas, la ralentización de la economía mundial, tensiones geopolíticas y las dificultades que enfrenta China para contener la pandemia de COVID-19. El segundo presenta un panorama del comercio exterior de manufacturas de la región durante las últimas …
Los bonos de impacto son un innovador mecanismo de financiamiento que busca atraer inversión privada hacia políticas públicas sociales, con énfasis en intervenciones preventivas o de atención temprana parala salud, la educación y la administración de justicia. Asimismo, ofrecen la posibilidad de compartir algunos de los riesgos inherentes a la innovación de políticas, y su financiamiento, con inversionistas privados.
Destacando el potencial de los bonos de impacto como un mecanismo para encontrar soluciones innovadoras a los desafíos de la política social, este documento evalúa el papel de los…
United States trade in goods sustained the recovery that began in 2021. In the first six months of 2022, goods exports increased by 21% compared to the prior-year period, while goods imports rose by 22%. Trade in services has not fully recovered, as major service industries such as travel and transport are still experiencing the lingering effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.
United States-Latin America and the Caribbean Trade Developments 2022 provides an overview of selected developments in trade relations between the United States and Latin America and the Caribbean. In light of the global focu…
The United States economy grew by 2.9% in the third quarter of 2022, a sharp turnaround following two quarters of contraction. Trade was the main source of growth, followed by consumer spending. The labour market averaged 392,000 new jobs per month from January–November 2022, with 4.3 million new jobs created in the period. Inflation rose by 7.1% in November, the slowest 12-month pace since December 2021, closing out a year in which it climbed to the highest level in four decades. The rapid pace of price increases in 2022 added pressure on the Federal Reserve to tame inflation by raising inter…
O presente relatório O Investimento Estrangeiro Direto na América Latina e no Caribe é a edição correspondente a 2022 da série anual publicada pela Comissão Econômica para a América Latina e o Caribe (CEPAL).
Num contexto de fraca recuperação econômica, a América Latina e o Caribe receberam 142,794 bilhões de dólares de investimento estrangeiro direto (IED) em 2021, 40,7% mais que em 2020; porém, este crescimento não foi suficiente para alcançar os níveis registrados antes da pandemia. Em todo o mundo, os montantes de IED aumentaram 64% em 2021, alcançando aproximadamente 1,6 trilhão de dólar…
In a context of external uncertainties and domestic restrictions, the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean will grow by 3.7% in 2022, just over half of the 6.7% rate recorded in 2021. It is estimated that the deceleration in economic growth will intensify in 2023, giving rise to a 1.3% rate.
According to its Preliminary Overview of the Economies of Latin America and the Caribbean 2022 – unveiled by the Executive Secretary of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), José Manuel Salazar-Xirinachs – the monetary policy responses adopted worldwide in 2022, in a …
En un contexto de incertidumbres externas y restricciones internas, los países de América Latina y el Caribe crecerán un 3,7% en 2022, poco más de la mitad de la tasa del 6,7% registrada en 2021. Se estima que en 2023 se profundice la desaceleración del crecimiento económico y se alcance una tasa del 1,3%.
De acuerdo con el Balance Preliminar de las Economías de América Latina y el Caribe 2022, dado a conocer por el Secretario Ejecutivo de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), José Manuel Salazar-Xirinachs, las respuestas de política monetaria adoptadas a nivel …
Num contexto de incertezas externas e restrições internas, os países da região crescerão 3,7% em 2022, pouco mais da metade da taxa de 6,7% registrada em 2021. Estima-se que em 2023 se aprofunde a desaceleração do crescimento econômico e se alcance uma taxa de 1,3%.
De acordo com o Balanço Preliminar das Economias da América Latina e do Caribe 2022, divulgado pelo Secretário Executivo da Comissão Econômica para a América Latina e o Caribe (CEPAL), José Manuel Salazar-Xirinachs, as respostas de política monetária adotadas mundialmente em 2022, num contexto de aumento da inflação global, provoca…
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