Boletín estadístico de comercio exterior de bienes en América Latina y el Caribe. Segundo trimestre de 2011 (Nro. 3)

President of Poland's Central Bank Gave a Lecture on the Impact of the International Crisis on the European Union

(26 May 2011) The President of Poland's Central Bank, Marek Belka, gave today a lecture at the headquarters of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) in Santiago, Chile, during which he described the European response to the recent international crisis. In his presentation entitled "The impact of the global financial crisis on the countries of the European Union", Mr Belka explained the various effects that international shocks have had on member countries of the European monetary union, and how these episodes revealed the weaknesses of economies within the single …

Presidente del Banco Central de Polonia dictó conferencia sobre impacto de la crisis internacional en la Unión Europea

(26 de mayo, 2011) El Presidente del Banco Central de Polonia, Marek Belka, dictó hoy una conferencia en la sede de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL) en Santiago, Chile, en la que expuso sobre la respuesta europea frente a la reciente crisis internacional. En su presentación titulada "El impacto de la crisis financiera global en los países de la Unión Europea", Belka explicó los distintos efectos que las turbulencias internacionales provocaron en los países miembros de la unión monetaria europea y cómo estos episodios revelaron las debilidades de las economías adscr…

The Region's Countries are facing Dilemmas in Terms of Increased Inflows of Foreign Capital

(13 April 2011) Latin America and the Caribbean are facing the following double shock: rising commodity prices and the growth in global liquidity. Faced with increased inflows of foreign capital inflows to the region, it is vital to think back to past crises and learn the lessons they have to offer, stated Alicia Bárcena, Executive Secretary of ECLAC. Today in Santiago, Chile, this senior United Nations official opened the Workshop on macroeconomic policies: global integration and international financial markets, which brings together economic authorities and experts from several Latin A…

Países de la región enfrentan dilemas ante mayor flujo de capitales extranjeros

(13 de abril, 2011) América Latina y el Caribe se enfrenta hoy a un doble shock que la afecta simultáneamente: el aumento en los precios de los productos básicos (commodities) y el crecimiento de la liquidez global. Frente al mayor flujo de capitales externos que ingresan a la región, es necesario observar las crisis del pasado y aprender sus lecciones, advirtió Alicia Bárcena, Secretaria Ejecutiva de la CEPAL. La alta funcionaria de las Naciones Unidas inauguró hoy en Santiago, Chile, el Taller políticas macroeconómicas, inserción externa y mercados financieros internacionales, que congrega a…

El comercio internacional de servicios de salud en México: fortalezas, oportunidades, debilidades y amenazas

La participación de México en el comercio internacional de servicios de salud es bastante reciente y se debe a la modalidad en la que el residente de los Estados Unidos se desplaza a México para recibir atención médica en un hospital privado. A partir de los años noventa varios hospitales y gobiernos estatales tomaron iniciativas orientadas específicamente a impulsar la atención de pacientes estadounidenses. La inversión privada nacional y extranjera ha desempeñado un papel importante al fortalecer las instalaciones, equipo, operación y administración hospitalaria. Más recientemente, se destac…

Understanding the business cycle in Latin America: Prebisch's contributions

This paper analyzes Raúl Prebisch's less familiar contributions to economic theory, related to the business cycle, and heavily informed by the Argentinean experience. His views of the cycle emphasize the common nature of the cycle in the center and the Latin American periphery as one unified phenomenon. While his rejection of orthodoxy is less than complete, some elements of what would become a more Keynesian position are developed. In particular, a preoccupation with the management of the balance of payments and the need for capital controls as a macroeconomic management tool, considerab…

El "efecto China" en los precios de los productos básicos y en el valor de las exportaciones de América Latina

Entre los años 2002 y 2008, el auge de los precios de losproductos básicos hizo que aumentaran notablemente los ingresosderivados de las exportaciones de América Latina, en parte debido alincremento de la demanda china de esos productos. Se han estudiadoexhaustivamente los efectos directos de las mayores exportacioneslatinoamericanas a China, pero el efecto indirecto de la acrecentadademanda china de los productos básicos en los precios mundiales harecibido menos atención. Aquí se estima la contribución del crecimientode dicha demanda al alza de los precios de los 15 principales productosbásic…

El Mercosur como plataforma de exportación para la industria automotriz

La industria automotriz mundial está dominada por unas pocasempresas multinacionales que diseñan las estrategias a nivel global yregional. Si las estrategias regionales prevalecieran sobre las globales, elMercado Común del Sur (Mercosur); podría transformarse en una plataformade exportación competitiva. En este artículo se examina hasta qué puntolos acuerdos de comercio para la industria automotriz establecidos en elMercosur promovieron que la región se transformara en una plataformade exportación para el resto del mundo. Se emplean datos de comerciobilateral del período 1991-2005 y modelos de…

The "China effect" on commodity prices and Latin American export earnings

The commodity boom between 2002 and 2008 played an importantrole in increasing export earnings from Latin America. Growing demandfrom China for primary products was one factor stimulating the boom.While the direct effects of the growth of exports from Latin Americato China have been extensively explored, the indirect impact of higherChinese demand for commodities on global commodity prices hasreceived less attention. This paper estimates the contribution made bythe growth of Chinese demand to the rise in the prices of the 15 maincommodities exported from the region. On the basis of these estim…

Report on the coordination of international statistical activities in the area of the environment

This report presents the results of a regional study conducted by the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) and the National Institute of Statistics and Geography of Mexico, in their respective roles as technical secretariat and coordinator, of the Working Group on Environmental Statistics of the Statistical Conference of the Americas of ECLAC. The objective was to carry out an in- depth study of the international statistical activities in the area of environmental statistics, with a view to strengthening coordination of those activities and optimizing their contribu…

ECLAC Identifies New Cooperation Opportunities between the United States and Latin America and the Caribbean

(21 March 2011) The United States remains the main individual trading partner for Latin America and the Caribbean. The conditions are now right to launch a new era of economic and trade cooperation between the United States and the region, according to an ECLAC document. The publication The United States and Latin America and the Caribbean: highlights of economics and trade was produced for the visit of the US President, Barack Obama, to three of the region's countries: Brazil, Chile and El Salvador. The report describes recent trends in investment and trade relations between the p…

CEPAL identifica nuevas oportunidades de cooperación entre Estados Unidos y América Latina y el Caribe

(21 de marzo, 2011) Estados Unidos continúa siendo el principal socio comercial individual para América Latina y el Caribe. Hoy las condiciones son propicias para el lanzamiento de una nueva era de cooperación económica y comercial entre ese país y la región, afirma la CEPAL en un documento. La publicación The United States and Latin America and the Caribbean: highlights of economics and trade fue preparada con motivo de la visita del Presidente de los Estados Unidos, Barack Obama, a tres países de la región: Brasil, Chile y El Salvador. Junto con abordar la evolución reciente de las rel…

CEPAL identifica novas oportunidades de cooperação entre os Estados Unidos, a Amércia Latina e o Caribe

(21 de março, 2011) Os Estados Unidos continuam sendo o principal sócio comercial individual para a América Latina e o Caribe. Hoje as condições são propícias para o lançamento de uma nova era de cooperação econômica e comercial entre esse país e a Região, afirma a CEPAL em documento divulgado hoje em Santiago do Chile. A publicação The United States and Latin America and the Caribbean: highlights of economics and trade foi preparada por motivo da visita do Presidente dos Estados Unidos, Barack Obama, a três países da Região: Brasil, Chile e El Salvador. Além de abordar a evolução recent…

The Trans-Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership Agreement: a Latin American perspective

In March 2010, negotiations aimed at enlarging the Trans-Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership Agreement (TPP) were launched. Nine countries from Asia, Oceania and the Americas currently participate in them. The United States, which in practice has assumed a leading role, has stated that this process has the ultimate goal of transforming the TPP in a platform for large-scale trans-Pacific economic integration. It has also expressed that the enlarged TPP should be a high-quality, 21st century agreement. For the current two Latin American participants (Chile and Peru), as well as for…

The United States and Latin America and the Caribbean: highlights of economy and trade

This publication is a contribution by the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) to the analysis of trade and investment relations between the United States of America and Latin America and the Caribbean, on the occasion of the visit of President Barack Obama to Brazil, Chile and El Salvador in March 2011. The early years of this new decade have brought good news for Latin America and the Caribbean. The region weathered the international crisis with unprecedented resilience and emerged from it sooner and more strongly than the developed economies. It grew by 6%…

The United States and Latin America and the Caribbean: highlights of economy and trade

Esta publicación es una contribución de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL); al análisis de las relaciones comerciales y de inversiones entre los Estados Unidos y América Latina y el Caribe, con motivo de la visita del Presidente Barack Obama al Brasil, Chile y El Salvador en marzo de 2011. Los primeros años de esta nueva década han sido portadores de buenas noticias para América Latina y el Caribe. La región ha demostrado una capacidad de recuperación sin precedentes frente a la crisis internacional, de la que ha salido antes y con más pujanza que las economías des…

Agenda estratégica público-privada de cooperación regional para la facilitación del comercio y la inserción internacional: El Salvador y Guatemala

Forum for East Asia-Latin America Cooperation (FEALAC): new biregional trade and investment relations in a changing world economic environment

Developing Asia and Latin America and the Caribbean are becoming the world's new growth poles. Economies in Developing Asia, led by the People's Republic of China, are growing three times as fast as the industrialized countries. Latin America and the Caribbean weathered the international crisis with remarkable resilience and emerged from it sooner and more strongly than the developed economies. In the coming years, the industrialized economies will continue to face complex challenges, in particular the need to control and gradually rein in the fiscal deficit and public debt in a cont…

O estatuto político da sociedade civil: evidências da Cidade do México e de São Paulo

Os resultados a serem apresentados dizem respeito a organizações civis sediadas na circunscrição político-administrativa que dá nome às cidades, quer dizer, não as regiões metropolitanas como um todo, mas a capital mexicana (Distrito Federal) e o município de São Paulo. Ao todo, foram entrevistadas mais de 400 organizações civis. O capítulo apresenta uma consolidação preliminar dos resultados de pesquisa de projeto amplo com diversos desdobramentos na análise comparativa de organizações civis, utilizando-se de metodologia de redes, na análise de novas funções de representação política de…