1 Jun 1999, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 18:09
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Introduction
Based on the evidence of the last few decades, it is widely
accepted that the State can be an obstacle to development. The corollary to this, of course, is that public policy can play a pivotal role in creating a growth-oriented environment and in promoting change. Not surprisingly, the major thrust of the structural reforms of recent years has been in creating a more effective State that can work in partnership with the private sector for the public good. An appropriate regulatory and institutional framework is critical to the functioning of both the financial and real sectors. I…
1 Nov 1999, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 18:09
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An ECLAC contribution to the meetings being held on the creation of the Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA); Buenos Aires, April 2001
Foreword
The Division of Integration and International Trade of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC); has prepared this document on the basis of official figures provided by the countries and from documents produced by the Division of Economic Development, the Division of Social Development, and the Statistics and Economic Projections Division.
ECLAC, in its capacity as a member of the Tripartite Committee, the other members bei…
1 Oct 1999, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 18:04
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Abstract The Chilean experience with price-based capital account regulations (i.e., deposits or reserve requirements on capital inflows) has been subject to extensive discussion in the recent literature. This paper presents evidence on the effectiveness of similar regulations in Colombia since September 1993, when traditional exchange controls were replaced by price-based regulations. It is important to emphasize that the Tobin tax equivalent of such regulations in Colombia has been quite high (13.6% and 6.4% tax for 12 and 36 months loans, respectively, in 1994-1998), and, as in Chile, it is …
1 Abr 1999, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 18:09
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This article analyses the impact of public investment on private investment. Apart from purely ideological aspects, two opposing interpretations may be distinguished with regard to the relationship between these variables. The first is that there is competition between public and private investment, so that the former crowds out the latter. The second is that public investment is complementary to private investment in so far that, by generating positive externalities, it creates favourable conditions for the latter. In view of the relative scarcity of empirical studies on this matt…
1 Abr 1999, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 18:09
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Abstract This paper reviews the current controversy on the reform of the international financial architecture. The paper first identifies some basic assumptions that must be taken into account in any meaningful reform. Then it identifies basic areas of consensus among different analysts: the need to maintain expansionary policies in industrialized countries as long as the current uncertainty prevails; to develop adequate contingency financing for countries in difficulties; to improve the institutional framework in which financial markets operate; to create appropriate mechanisms to internalize…
1 Nov 1999, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 18:09
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Abstract This paper has analyzed the changes in the distribution of income in Colombia since 1976 using data for urban economy (seven largest metropolitan areas) and for the manufacturing sector. Evidence is shown that the structural reforms that took place in the early 1990s have been related to higher income concentration in Colombia, where levels of inequality were already impressively high. The results suggest that both trade liberalization and skill complementary technological change have a positive impact on skill premiums. The evidence presented suggests that skill complementary technol…
1 Oct 1999, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 18:04
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Abstract This paper argues that the agenda for international financial reform must be broadened in at least two senses. First of all, it should go beyond the issues of financial prevention and resolution, to those associated with development finance for poor and small countries, and to the ownership of economic and development policies by countries. Secondly, it should consider, in a systematic fashion, not only the role of world institutions but also of regional arrangements and the explicit definition of areas where national autonomy should be maintained. These issues should be tabled in a r…
1 Ene 1999, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 18:04
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Abstract
This paper is an attempt to quantify the process of structural reform in Latin America in five areas: trade reform, financial liberalization, tax reform, liberalization of external capital transactions and privatization. It presents indexes for these five areas for 17 countries for the period 1970-1995. The resulting indexes permit one to make comparisons of the degree of reform across countries over time and to examine in a quantitative way the impact of these reforms. The indexes show that the reform process has not been uniform across time, country, or area of reform. The reforms s…
18 Oct 1999, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 18:04
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Introduction
With its programme of assistance to the Caribbean, the Economic Commission for Latin
America and the Caribbean (ECLAC); Subregional Headquarters for the Caribbean has prepared
these economic profiles for 26 independent and non-independent countries of the Caribbean
subregion. These countries are: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, the Bahamas,
Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominica,
Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Haiti, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles,
Puerto Rico, St. Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, St. Vincent and the G…
30 Nov 1999, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 17:59
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Summary Following the World Summit for Social Development steps were taken by the entire United Nations system to support national governments in their efforts to implement the agenda of the Summit. This document assesses developments in health, education, crime and violence, drugs and migration five years after the Summit.…
1 Jun 1999, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 18:02
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Introduction Globalization can be defined in terms of the internationalization of production [Goode, 1998, p.125], or in terms of the internationalization of markets [Lloyd, 1998, p. 163]. The former recognizes the fact that even relatively minor products are frequently found to be made with components from several countries. The latter, on the other hand, recognizes that the cross border flows of the products themselves have increased tremendously over the last two decades. This is particularly true in the case of international financial services. This report examines the globalizati…