This article sets out to empirically determine whether the ratiobetween debt and gross domestic product (GDP); affected real and nominalvariables such as the demand for money, the nominal interest rate,investment and the output gap, between January 1995 and March 2008.The specific aim is to identify fiscal-policy transmission channels and decidewhether this policy was active or passive in the period in question. Thestudy finds empirical evidence that fiscal policy was active and monetarypolicy passive -features that characterize a non-Ricardian model.…
This study presents dynamic labour demand estimates based oninformation for 15 Latin American countries in the last three decades. Itis found that recessions have a direct negative effect on total and wageemployment creation. There is also a positive effect of recessions onemployment-output elasticity and a negative one on employment-wageelasticity. These results can be interpreted as meaning that policies aimedat reducing labour costs would be of limited effectiveness in combatingunemployment during recessions. On the other hand, policies to stimulateaggregate demand would have a stronger pos…
En 2008 el PIB real de El Salvador creció 2,5%, dos puntos porcentuales menos que en 2007, mientras que el PIB por habitante aumentó 0,9%, la tercera parte de la cifra registrada el año anterior. Al igual que en 2007, el sector de la agricultura presentó el mayor dinamismo. El Salvador: Economic evolution during 2008 and perspectives for 2009 Abstract: In 2008, the real GDP of El Salvador grew by 2,5%, two percentage points less than in 2007, while the GDP per inhabitant increased by 0,9%, equalling a third of the figure registered the previous year. Just like in 2007, the agricultu…
The Andean countries, a region with abundance of natural resources and other valuable assets, exhibit a variety of governance problems that hinder its potential for social peace, stability and economic prosperity. Their empirical governance record, based on historical and recent data, although varies from country to country has been characterized by political instability, considerable frequency of constitutional reforms, presidential crisis, volatility of democratic institutions and violence. In turn, the empirical evidence on quality of institutions put the Andean region in a relatively modes…
Introduction
At the twentieth meeting of the Standing Committee of Ministers Responsible for Agriculture under the heading 'Technology Generation, Validation and Transfer', the discussions centered around the formation of yet another institution Â- PROCICARIBE - to 'integrate and coordinate all the
agricultural research and development organizations throughout the Caribbean involved in technology development, export market development and the garnering of funds in support thereof.' It is interesting to note that the above in total or parts were already the mandate of the Ca…
Abstract This paper reviews the current controversy on the reform of the international financial architecture. The paper first identifies some basic assumptions that must be taken into account in any meaningful reform. Then it identifies basic areas of consensus among different analysts: the need to maintain expansionary policies in industrialized countries as long as the current uncertainty prevails; to develop adequate contingency financing for countries in difficulties; to improve the institutional framework in which financial markets operate; to create appropriate mechanisms to internalize…
The constitution of a new international industrial order dominated by a core of large transnational corporations generally makes life more difficult for the great majority of developing countries because, since most are not in a position to compete effectively, they face still greater marginalization. TNCS more than ever before can significantly influence the international competitiveness and therefore the nature of incorporation of developing countries into the new increasingly integrated international production system. The national origin and form of foreign direct investment and technology…
Latin American manufacturing industry has undergone various changes in recent years. It has registered a favourable performance as far as exports are concerned, but production and investment have grown only slowly in a context of sluggish recovery of domestic demand and greater foreign competition. Other features are greater specialization in natural resource-based intermediate goods characterized by the importance of economies of scale, relatively long lead times for the heavy investments required, and the presence of privatized and transnational enterprises. At the same time, there are signs…
This article highlights the need to complement macroeconomic policies designed to secure stabilization, deregulation and greater openness with other macroeconomic and microeconomic measures aimed at revitalizing the growth and competitiveness of the countries of the region. At the national level, in terms of macroeconomic measures, it is necessary to increase domestic saving and channel it towards productive investments within the local context, while microeconomic policy should include measures to develop and consolidate in the countries an innovative, wide-ranging system for furthering chang…
This study is intended to be exploratory in nature. It seeks a better understanding of i) how the OMU cluster emerged; ii) the characteristics of the offshore medical universities in the Caribbean cluster; iii) the contribution of the offshore medical universities to the economy of the host Caribbean countries; and iv) the prospects for enhancing the educational quality, and value added captured by the Caribbean in the medical value chain.…
The method that Celso Furtado used was essentially historical; his
passion -a measured passion- was for Brazil. In the second half of the twentieth century no intellectual contributed more than him to the understanding of Brazil. He was committed to its development, frustrated with its incapacity to achieve it, and always acute in analyzing the economic and political challenges that the country successively faced. In order to demonstrate these ideas, this paper presents a broad review of Furtado's work.
/…
Discurso de cierre del trigésimo octavo período de sesiones de la CEPAL
Alicia Bárcena, Secretaria Ejecutiva de la CEPAL
Santiago, 28 de octubre de 2020
Querido Rodolfo Solano Quirós, Ministro de Relaciones Exteriores y Culto de Costa Rica,
Dear Amina Mohammed, UN Deputy Secretary General, thank you for being with us today,
Esteemed Carolyn Rodrigues Birkett, Permanent Representative of Guyana to the United Nations and Chair of the Group of 77 and China,
Distinguidos Cancilleres, Viceministros y delegados de los Estados miembros de la CEPAL,
Señoras y señores miembros del Cuerpo D…
Ao comemorar os 70 anos da CEPAL, o Escritório em Brasília, com o apoio da Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) e da Young Scholars Initiative do Institute for New Economic Thinking, convidou jovens pesquisadores brasileiros para analisar o futuro da economia do Brasil, a partir das propostas e estruturas das análises da CEPAL. Os artigos incluídos abordam desafíos e oportunidades para o desenvolvimento do país nos próximos anos a partir de temas diversos, tais como a vulnerabilidade externa, a fragilidade das finanças públicas e do Estado, a inovação e diversificação produtiva, a necessidade de pol…
The U.S. economic expansion, which is in its tenth year, is approaching record length but not strength. November marked the 113th month of growth for the U.S. economy, and there have been 38 consecutive quarters of growth. This is the second longest expansion on record, only the 1991-2001 expansion is longer, and it is expected to continue into next year and become the longest on record.…
(25 de agosto, 2011) Los países en desarrollo de Asia y América Latina y el Caribe deben actuar proactivamente en el actual escenario económico mundial y aprovechar las oportunidades que ofrece el creciente intercambio y la cooperación Sur-Sur, señaló hoy la Secretaria Ejecutiva de la CEPAL, Alicia Bárcena.
Los países miembros del Foro de Cooperación América Latina-Asia del Este representan 36% del PIB mundial, así como el 32% de las exportaciones y el 28% de las importaciones a nivel global. Además son importantes tenedores de bonos del Tesoro de Estados Unidos (casi 60%).
La alta funcionaria…
Buenas tardes y bienvenidos todas y todos a este evento paralelo organizado por la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), en el marco del Foro Político de Alto Nivel sobre el Desarrollo Sostenible 2024.
Quisiera en estos breves minutos de bienvenida e introducción a este evento explicar cómo vemos desde la CEPAL las razones y objetivos por los que les hemos convocado hoy.
Y para esto quisiera comenzar con una corta historia.
En el 2011, en ocasión de una reunión Cumbre de presidentes y jefes de Estado de los países asiáticos, el Banco Asiático de Desarrollo elaboró un docu…
Inter-American economic relations underwent significant changes since the end of World War II, with the creation of hemispheric institutions, such as the Organization of American States (OAS) and the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America (ECLA). This document examines two decades of interaction on economic affairs between the Latin American and United States governments, in the setting provided by these hemispheric institutions.…
(14 de octubre, 2011) La Secretaria Ejecutiva de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), Alicia Bárcena, participó en Abu Dhabi, Emiratos Árabes Unidos, en la Cumbre sobre la Agenda Global 2011, que reúne a representantes del sector académico, empresarial, gubernamental y de la sociedad civil de todo el mundo.
Este espacio de debate, creado en 2008 por el Foro Económico Mundial, congrega anualmente a los miembros de la Red de Consejos de la Agenda Global (Network of Global Agenda Councils) para intercambiar ideas sobre temas clave como la estabilidad financiera, la segur…
(10 de noviembre, 2010) La urgente necesidad de cerrar las brechas de desigualdad que actualmente existen en América Latina y el Caribe debe complementarse con el imperativo de lograr un desarrollo sostenible más bajo en carbono, señaló hoy en Alemania la Secretaria Ejecutiva de la CEPAL, Alicia Bárcena.
La alta funcionaria de las Naciones Unidas participó en el Foro América Latina y el Caribe-Unión Europea (ALC-UE): Política fiscal y economía ambientalmente sostenible en el contexto del cambio climático, que se desarrolla en Berlín, convocado por el Ministerio Federal de Cooperación Económica…
Rasgos generales de la evolución reciente En 2007, la economía cubana registró una expansión de 7,3%. Como el crecimiento demográfico fue nulo, el producto interno bruto (PIB) por habitante aumentó proporcionalmente con el PIB. El déficit fiscal global se incrementó ligeramente, de 3% del PIB en 2006 a 3,1% en 2007, mientras que la tasa de inflación varió 2,8%, la mitad que el año anterior (5,7%). Por último, la cuenta corriente de la balanza de pagos ascendió a un superávit equivalente a 0,8% del PIB. Cuba: Economic evolution during 2007 and Outlook for 2008 Abstract: General fea…