Informe Estadístico de la Economía Brasileña, Noviembre-Diciembre 2013

A regional reserve fund for Latin America

El fortalecimiento del Fondo Latinoamericano de Reservas (FLAR) por la vía de expandir su tamaño y cobertura para incluir a un mayor número de países de la región sería un aporte importante a la provisión de un bien público regional y global como lo es la estabilidad financiera. Este trabajo intenta arrojar luz sobre la viabilidad, las implicancias y los desafíos, de una eventual ampliación del FLAR a otros cinco países de la región: Argentina, Brasil, Chile, México y Paraguay.…

Comercio exterior, cadenas globales de producción y financiamiento: Conceptos y relevancia para América Latina y el Caribe

El comercio internacional es un componente fundamental de la globalización y del proceso de desarrollo económico en el cual se inserta América Latina y el Caribe. Este proceso lleva concomitante también, un proceso de financiamiento cuyas características son importantes de comprender y que constituyen el foco de este documento, orientado desde la perspectiva del desarrollo de América Latina. Los patrones de comercio internacional han cambiado en el tiempo, con consecuencias de distinto orden. La primera ola de globalización, desde mediados del siglo XIX hasta 1913, se caracterizó por un fuerte…

Evolution of the Caribbean Debt

Commercial bank financing for micro-enterprises and SMEs in Mexico

This article examines commercial bank lending strategies for micro-enterprises and small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs) in Mexico, and the factors that promote or hinder lending in this segment. With this in mind, in 2011 a detailed survey was conducted of commercial banks operating in Mexico. Although credit to microenterprises and smes still represents a small share of the loan portfolio, the survey results point to growing interest in broadening it. Three different business models were identified, with major differences in strategies for offering financial services to this segment of en…

A modelling framework for assessing the economic impact of climate change in the Caribbean

The eclac-Climate Impacts Assessment Model (CIAM) is a modelling platform that has been created to assess the economic consequences of climate change in the Caribbean. The model can be freely accessed, downloaded and even modified. The version available is a full-fledged model which can readily be used to conduct simulation exercises. This paper provides a general description of the model and an illustrative simulation exercise. Our results from this exercise highlight the fact that the Caribbean is a highly vulnerable region where climate change is expected to generate sizeable and negative e…

Motherhood wage penalties and labour market segmentation: Evidence from Argentina

This article explores the connection between labour market segregation and motherhood wage penalties in Argentina across the formal and informal sectors. It uses ordinary least square and quantile regression estimation strategies and deploys Blinder-Oaxaca and Ñopo decompositions to identify sources of wage differences. The finding is that there is strong evidence of labour market segmentation and that motherhood wage penalties differ substantively across the sectors and between different wage quantiles. In particular, formal-sector working mothers do not experience wage penalties, while infor…

Gender differences in workplace choices under crisis conditions

Working from home is an option that differs from other forms of employment. This type of employment is driven not only by globalization and outsourcing, but also by unequal gender relationships within the home. Two multi-logistic regressions were used to determine how the distribution of in-home working arrangements differs by sex and by male/female age range, level of education, marital status and degree of urbanization of the place of residence. The results suggest that these characteristics have a differential influence on men's and women's employment decisions. The results also i…

The structural heterogeneity of family farming in Brazil

Regional and productive inequality may stem from the agricultural modernization process, in which some agents are able to incorporate and absorb technological content, while others are excluded, not only from the innovative organizational environment, but also from learning processes and the dissemination of new production techniques and knowledge. This paper analyses family farming, by making comparisons in regional terms and by groups of producers using high, medium and low technology. It also calculates the productive inequality index (Gini coefficient of gross income) of the north, north-e…

An assessment of the dynamics between the permanent and transitory components of Mexico's output and unemployment

Previous studies about the relationship between the cyclical components of Mexico's output and unemployment suggest that it closely resembles that found in the economy of the United States of America. This would indicate that the dynamics between output and labour markets in the two economies are rather similar. However, these estimates are puzzling for they do not correspond to a characterization made to Mexico's labour market. Using a methodology first proposed by Clark (1989), we find that the correlation between the transitory components of output and unemployment is much lower t…

The advance of cloud computing

XXVI Seminario regional de política fiscal

El XXVI Seminario regional de política fiscal es organizado por la Secretaría Ejecutiva de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), a través de la División de Desarrollo Económico, con el apoyo del Fondo Monetario Internacional (FMI), el Banco Mundial, el Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo y la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico (OCDE), y el auspicio del Ministerio Federal de Cooperación Económica y Desarrollo de Alemania, BMZ y la Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo (AECID). Información General General Informati…

XIV Reunión del Consejo Regional de Planificación

Inauguración de la XIII Conferencia de Ministros y Jefes de Planificación de América Latina y el Caribe

Brasilia Hosts Regional Meeting on Planning that Calls for Strengthened Integration for Development with Equality

Watch the video message by ECLAC's Executive Secretary, Alicia Bárcena See photo gallery (21 November 2013) The 13th Conference of Ministers and Heads of Planning of Latin America and the Caribbean began today in Brasilia with a call for the regional integration agenda to be strengthened to make progress towards sustainable and inclusive development based on equality. As she opened the Conference, which is being held on Thursday and Friday in the Brazilian capital, the host country's Minister of Planning, Budget and Management, Miriam Belchior, stated that integration is a strategic requireme…

Brasilia acoge reunión regional sobre planificación con llamado a fortalecer la integración para el desarrollo con igualdad

Ver video con mensaje de la Secretaria Ejecutiva de la CEPAL, Alicia Bárcena Ver galería de fotos (21 de noviembre, 2013) La XIII Conferencia de Ministros y Jefes de Planificación de América Latina y el Caribe comenzó hoy en Brasilia con un llamado a fortalecer la agenda de la integración regional para avanzar hacia un desarrollo sustentable, incluyente y con la igualdad en el centro. Al inaugurar esta cita, que se celebra este jueves y viernes en la capital brasileña, la Ministra de Planificación, Presupuesto y Gestión del país anfitrión, Miriam Belchior, destacó que la integración es un requ…

Brasília sedia reunião regional sobre planejamento conclamando fortalecimento da integração para o desenvolvimento com igualdade

Assista ao vídeo com a messagem da Secretária Executiva da CEPAL, Alicia Bárcena. Veja a galería de fotos (21 de novembro de 2013) A XIII Conferência de Ministros e Chefes de Planejamento da América Latina e do Caribe começou hoje, em Brasília, com um apelo para fortalecer a agenda da integração regional para avançar em direção a um desenvolvimento sustentável, inclusivo e com a igualdade no centro. Ao abrir este encontro, que se realiza nesta quinta e sexta-feira, na capital brasileira, a Ministra do Planejamento, Orçamento e Gestão do país anfitrião, Miriam Belchior destacou que …

ECLAC and OECD Analyzed Inclusive Growth in Latin America and the Caribbean

Experts from the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) held a Regional Consultation on Inclusive Growth in Latin America and the Caribbean on 14-15 November 2013, at ECLAC headquarters in Santiago, Chile. During the event specialists, policy makers and practitioners from Latin America and the Caribbean dialogued on the dimensions of inclusive growth, its conceptualization and measuring, as well as the policies that can be put in place to combine strong output growth with a more even distribution of …

CEPAL y OCDE analizaron el crecimiento inclusivo en América Latina y el Caribe

Expertos de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL) y de la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE) participaron en la Consulta Regional sobre Crecimiento Inclusivo en América Latina y el Caribe, efectuado el 14 y 15 de noviembre de 2013 en la sede central de la CEPAL en Santiago, Chile. En el evento especialistas, hacedores de políticas y profesionales de América Latina y el Caribe debatieron sobre las dimensiones del crecimiento inclusivo, su conceptualización y medición, y el tipo de políticas necesarias para alcanzar un crecimiento robusto y…

Germany and ECLAC Sign a Protocol for Structural Change Based on Equality and Sustainability

(12 November 2013) Today in Bonn, the Executive Secretary of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), Alicia Bárcena, signed a protocol with the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) aimed at boosting structural change based on equality and sustainability. On behalf of Germany, the agreement was signed by Ingolf Dietrich, Deputy Director for Latin America and Global and Sectoral Affairs of BMZ, and has three main axes: innovation for sustainable structural change; social and climate protection; and sustainable energy policies and fis…