The establishment of a single window is a crucial step in the move towards paperless trade, generating significant savings in time and money for companies as well as the different public bodies involved in foreign trade. Under the Trade Facilitation Agreement of the World Trade Organization, which entered into force in 2017, all the Organization’s members committed to maintaining or establishing a single window. Asia is home to some of the world’s largest trading economies and to several of the most advanced single windows. This report analyses and compares the main functionalities of four: th…
This paper uses an augmented gravity trade model to examine the impact of Chinese exports to the United States on Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) exports to the same market over the last two decades. The analysis relies on a sample of 33 LAC countries and trade data disaggregated to the 10- digit Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS) level. The results show that the impact of Chinese exports on US imports from LAC is negative and statistically significant across model specifications and levels of aggregation in the trade data. In addition, the model suggests that after accounting for such exp…
The CELAC region could benefit from an increase in mutual cooperation with Korea on multiple development pillars, including innovation and SMEs’ internationalization. These two themes figure among the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for the period of 2016 to 2030 and are key topics on the development agendas of CELAC countries and Korea. The first theme, science, technology and innovation (STI), is at the heart of structural transformation and encourages the emergence of new sectors, production networks and businesses. The second theme, SME internationalization strategies, …
The entry into force of the Additional Protocol of the Framework Agreement of the Pacific Alliance in May 2016 marked an important step towards the regional integration efforts of its four members: Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru. In addition to promoting trade and investment linkages among its members, a core objective of the Pacific Alliance —and what distinguishes it from other regional integration efforts in Latin America— is to serve as a platform for economic and commercial integration between Latin America and Asia-Pacific. It is, therefore, of particular interest to evaluate current e…
Dynamic Asia has overtaken the European Union as Latin America and the Caribbean’s second largest export market, after the United States. However, the region’s exports to Asia remain concentrated in few commodities involving a small number of large firms. This book explores the present and future scope for the participation of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in biregional trade and value chains and the measures that can be taken to make those chains more inclusive and sustainable. SMEs have a low direct presence in the region’s export flows and their participation in the supplier net…
Regional economic integration is stronger when complementarity and synergy effects are generated between “de jure” economic integration and close economic relations achieved autonomously through market-led /business-driven integration. This observation is important when we consider bringing closer the economic ties between Asia Pacific and Latin America. Japan has a large potential to contribute to the development of such economic ties. This is precisely because of the unique position that Japan has long retained both in East Asia and Latin America, and its catalytic role for the process of in…
The increasing prominence of developing countries in the world economy reects not only their economic dynamism but also stronger links through increased South-South trade, investment and cooperation. Developing countries in both Latin America and East Asia must act proactively to prepare themselves for this new scenario, adjusting their policies and strategies so as to take advantage of the growing potential of South-South links. In this regard, authorities from both regions should redouble their efforts to identify and capitalize upon their potential complementarities, by creating biregional …
The swift expansion of developing Asia is probably the most significant structural change in the world economy of the twenty-first century. Latin America, and in particular South America, have strongly benefited from developing Asia’s surge. China has become one of the region’s main trade partners. Despite their benefits, strengthened trans-Pacific economic relations have also become a cause for concern in Latin America, due to major imbalances of different kinds.
The purpose of this book is twofold. On the one hand, it aims to document the growing investment and trade relations between Latin …
This document adopts a network analysis approach to examine the vertical trade relations between Latin America and Asia, showing the potential of these techniques for providing new insights into the patterns and dynamics of countries’ GVC linkages. Particularly, network-based measures are used to assess how important countries are as users and suppliers of foreign intermediate inputs in each network, at both the aggregate and sector level. In addition, clustering techniques are applied to identify groups of supplier countries.…
(25 de agosto, 2011) Los países en desarrollo de Asia y América Latina y el Caribe deben actuar proactivamente en el actual escenario económico mundial y aprovechar las oportunidades que ofrece el creciente intercambio y la cooperación Sur-Sur, señaló hoy la Secretaria Ejecutiva de la CEPAL, Alicia Bárcena.
Los países miembros del Foro de Cooperación América Latina-Asia del Este representan 36% del PIB mundial, así como el 32% de las exportaciones y el 28% de las importaciones a nivel global. Además son importantes tenedores de bonos del Tesoro de Estados Unidos (casi 60%).
La alta funcionaria…
Con la presencia de altas autoridades del Gobierno de China, representantes de organismos internacionales y regionales, de la banca de desarrollo, del sector público y privado, expertos, académicos y diplomáticos, se realizó hoy en la sede de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL) en Santiago, Chile, el Segundo Foro de Inversión y Cooperación de Alto Nivel China-América Latina.
El encuentro, organizado conjuntamente por la CEPAL, CAF - Banco de Desarrollo de América Latina, y el Ministerio de Finanzas de la República Popular China, busca entregar una plataforma para disc…
(10 de junio, 2013) "En el área agrícola hay complementariedades reales entre China y América Latina y el Caribe, que pueden permitir la construcción de una relación comercial, tecnológica y cultural de carácter estratégica, con beneficios mutuos", dijo Antonio Prado, Secretario Ejecutivo Adjunto de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), en el Primer Foro de Ministros de Agricultura China-América Latina y el Caribe finalizado el 9 de junio en Beijing, China.
En su discurso ante los funcionarios presentes en la cita, Prado subrayó la necesidad de lograr relaciones comerc…
Contents
Foreword
Regional Financial Cooperation: Experiences and Challenges, José Antonio Ocampo
Reforming the Global Financial Architecture: The Potential of Regional Institutions, Roy Culpeper
Regional Development Banks: A Comparative Perspective, Francisco Sagasti and Fernando Prada
Regional Exchange Rate Arrangements: The European Experience, Charles Wyplosz
European Financial Institutions: A Useful Inspiration for Developing Countries? Stephany Griffith-Jones, Alfred Steinherr, and Ana Tereza Fuzzo de Lima
Macroeconomic Coordination in Latin America: Does It Have a Future? J…
(14 de junio 2013) La CEPAL propuso una serie de recomendaciones para fortalecer la cooperación América Latina -Asia de Este y para aprovechar el creciente potencial del comercio Sur-Sur, en uno de los más recientes estudios del organismo, presentado en una reunión ministerial que concluyó este viernes en Indonesia.
La VI Reunión Ministerial el Foro de Cooperación América Latina - Asia del Este (FOCALAE), que tuvo lugar en Bali, durante los días 13 y 14 de junio, reunió a las autoridades gubernamentales de 36 países de América Latina y Asia del Este en un diálogo "región a región".
"La crecien…
El presente documento constituye una contribución de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL) a los debates de la Cuarta Reunión Ministerial del Foro China-Comunidad de Estados Latinoamericanos y Caribeños (CELAC). En él se describen áreas de oportunidad para avanzar hacia una agenda conjunta de cooperación que promueva un desarrollo más productivo, inclusivo y sostenible. Para ello, se basa en el diagnóstico de la CEPAL sobre las trampas del desarrollo que enfrenta la región y en las estrategias para superarlas mediante un conjunto de transformaciones indispensables y un…
China y la región de América Latina y el Caribe tienen oportunidades y desafíos comunes en materia de urbanización, lo que abre importantes espacios para la cooperación, coincidieron hoy expertos en la inauguración del Foro sobre desarrollo urbano sostenible en China y América Latina y el Caribe en la sede de la CEPAL en Santiago, Chile.
El evento fue organizado por la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL) en conjunto con el Instituto de Estudios de América Latina de la Academia China de Ciencias Sociales (ILAS-CASS) y el apoyo de CAF-Banco de Desarrollo de América Latina.…
El presente documento es una contribución del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID) y de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL) a la sexta Reunión Ministerial del Foro del Arco del Pacífico Latinoamericano, a realizarse en octubre de 2010 en Cusco (Perú). De este modo, se da seguimiento a la solicitud que los Ministros de Relaciones Exteriores y de Comercio del Arco plantearan a ambos organismos durante su quinta Reunión Ministerial, efectuada en Puerto Vallarta (México) en noviembre de 2009. En tal ocasión, se les encomendó constituir un comité bipartito para la imp…
The global economic crisis has put an end to a period of worldwide expansion and halted the integration of Latin America and developing Asia with the international economy. Current and expected economic weakness in the advanced economies has led us to look elsewhere for sources of growth. Emerging economies in Asia and Latin America have increased their contributions to world production, finance, and trade in the past decades. In doing so, the two regions have deepened their economic ties with significant implications for the recovery of their respective economies. In this paper we discuss the…
Preface
This book is the result of a project developed by the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC);, with support from the Ford Foundation. The text encompasses five articles analyzing emerging economies that were generally rated as successful by international financial institutions and the financial press during episodes characterized by a broad supply of external funds. We include the cases of Chile, Korea, and Mexico in the critical years of the 1990s and Chile in the deep crisis of the 1970s. All these economies were praised for their efficient pub…
In the Republic of Korea, public export support programmes for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have played a significant role in the internationalization process of such firms. Multiple non-reimbursable and co-financing instruments that promote export innovation among SMEs have contributed to their export success which, alongside large firms, made the Republic of Korea the world’s fifth largest exporting country in 2015. This study summarizes these support programmes and some key factors in relation to their implementation, some of which may be useful for those responsible for formul…