This document takes up a number of the points raised in the 2005 report by ECLAC and other UN agencies on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in Latin America and the Caribbean. It provides further discussion on the type of problems and challenges facing the region in five areas that are either included in the MDGs or closely related to them (poverty, hunger and child malnutrition, education, health and children). The document makes recommendations for the region's governments and countries in these five areas.…
The external and internal imbalances that appeared in the early 1980s, together with the adjustment and stabilization policies applied throughout that decade in Latin America, juxtaposed the need to reduce the fiscal deficit with the need to make up for the loss of income sustained by the most vulnerable groups of the population as a consequence of the external debt crisis. This article examines patterns of social expenditure in a number of countries in the region, in an effort to determine how these policies affected the level and composition of social spending and, hence, influenced social p…
9 Mar 2009, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 05:21
|
Publicación
This report addresses the main features of the evolution of Caribbean economies during 2008 and, especially, the prospects for 2009 in the context of the ongoing international financial crisis and economic turmoil. As is well known, small open economies, such as those of the Caribbean, are highly influenced by developments in the world economy through a variety of channels of transmission that include international trade, tourist arrivals, remittances, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and external financing. The intensity of these effects will depend, among other things, on the fiscal position,…
18 Jun 2004, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 05:18
|
Publicación
Presentation
The countries of the Latin American and Caribbean region have shown a keen
and lasting interest in mechanisms of economic development and public policies for its
promotion. This is a process in which ECLAC has been involved ever since it was founded
over half a century ago. Today, the debate on these issues continues against the backdrop
of a globalization process in which the remarkable dynamism of some dimensions
-especially its economic, financial and cultural aspects- contrasts with the
slow formation of an institutional network capable of coping with the increased
interdepend…
Stable development and financing of the social protection
system, one of the priorities of fiscal policy in Chile over
recent years, has helped to reduce poverty and indigence,
particularly since the 1990s. The fiscal accounts have been
managed prudently, and budgetary balance and efficient
administration have been given priority over short-term
objectives. Even so, poverty is still a fact of life and the
poor are still vulnerable to drastic falls in income. This means
that an effort is still required to modernize fiscal policy and
develop new institutional arrangements for the social
protecti…
1 Abr 2000, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 05:22
|
Publicación
In this article, indicators of fiscal discretionality are estimated using a simple methodology, and in this way the cyclical component of the public accounts balance (i.e., the amounts of income and expenditure associated with transitory movements of the level of activity); is identified for a number of Latin American countries in the 1990s. The difference gives a measure of the discretional balance, which represents a medium-term indicator of the state of the public accounts. Budgetary rules which take account of these mechanisms not only ensure sustainability over time but also reduce the cy…
1 Ago 2009, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 05:22
|
Publicación
En 2008 el PIB real de El Salvador creció 2,5%, dos puntos porcentuales menos que en 2007, mientras que el PIB por habitante aumentó 0,9%, la tercera parte de la cifra registrada el año anterior. Al igual que en 2007, el sector de la agricultura presentó el mayor dinamismo. El Salvador: Economic evolution during 2008 and perspectives for 2009 Abstract: In 2008, the real GDP of El Salvador grew by 2,5%, two percentage points less than in 2007, while the GDP per inhabitant increased by 0,9%, equalling a third of the figure registered the previous year. Just like in 2007, the agricultu…
14 Oct 2008, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 05:22
|
Publicación
Rasgos generales de la evolución reciente En 2007, la economía cubana registró una expansión de 7,3%. Como el crecimiento demográfico fue nulo, el producto interno bruto (PIB) por habitante aumentó proporcionalmente con el PIB. El déficit fiscal global se incrementó ligeramente, de 3% del PIB en 2006 a 3,1% en 2007, mientras que la tasa de inflación varió 2,8%, la mitad que el año anterior (5,7%). Por último, la cuenta corriente de la balanza de pagos ascendió a un superávit equivalente a 0,8% del PIB. Cuba: Economic evolution during 2007 and Outlook for 2008 Abstract: General fea…
1 Ago 2009, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 05:22
|
Publicación
En 2008 la economía panameña mantuvo el intenso ritmo de crecimiento del PIB real y se expandió 9,2%, a pesar de haber desacelerado frente al 11,5% de 2007. El sector público no financiero (SPNF) registró un ligero superávit equivalente a 0,4% del PIB, cifra inferior al 3,5% registrado en 2007. Este resultado obedece a la reducción en la recaudación de fondos y el aumento de gastos corrientes para mitigar los efectos del alza de precios de los alimentos y el petróleo en el primer semestre del año. Panama: Economic evolution during 2008 and perspectives for 2009 Abstract: In 2008, …
1 Ago 2009, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 05:22
|
Publicación
En 2008 la economía hondureña se expandió 4%, 2,3 puntos porcentuales por debajo de la tasa registrada en 2007. El crecimiento sectorial fue muy heterogéneo: las actividades con mayor dinamismo fueron la intermediación financiera (18,1%) y las comunicaciones (14%). La inflación interanual alcanzó 10,8%, impulsada principalmente por el alza en los precios internacionales de los alimentos y el petróleo. Gracias al tipo de cambio de paridad móvil imperante, Honduras pudo amortiguar parcialmente el aumento de la inflación. Honduras: Economic evolution during 2008 and perspectives for 2009…
1 Feb 2004, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 05:21
|
Publicación
Si bien en la Argentina no se dispone de muchos casos concretos de utilización explícita de instrumentos económicos para mejorar la gestión ambiental que se hayan aplicado sistemáticamente en el pasado reciente, existen algunos programas de promoción de actividades económicas que presentan directa o indirectamente aspectos de mejoramiento ambiental,1 como así también diferentes iniciativas específicas —con distintos grados de avance— planificadas para su aplicación futura. Al respecto, se realizó un relevamiento de esos instrumentos, consultando a las instituciones responsables del diseño, for…
This document analyses the origins and consequences of debt accumulation in the Caribbean. The focus is placed on Caribbean Community (CARICOM) economies. The document also examines current strategies for the reduction of debt…
1 Ago 2009, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 05:30
|
Publicación
The global economic crisis has put an end to a period of six consecutive years of growth in Latin America and the Caribbean, growth on a scale that had not been seen for decades. This crisis is different from those which had been seen in the past, not only because its origin is different but also because, as the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) has reported on several occasions, the region is much better prepared to deal with it. The favourable international environment which had been enjoyed by most of the countries of the region in recent years went hand in han…
2 Ene 2002, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 05:21
|
Publicación
Executive Summary The global economy is experiencing a recession, which originated in the United States and is affecting developed and developing economies alike. Between the second and third quarter of 2001, the United States GDP growth rate decreased from 2.6 per cent to 1.2 per cent. For the same period, the European Union's GDP growth rate declined from 2.4 per cent to 1.7 per cent. For Latin America and the Caribbean the growth will fall from 4 per cent in 2000 to 1 per cent in 2001. A central issue regarding the current recession is whether it will be short lived or rather …
This article aims to make a walk-through in the virtual reality of budgetary and fiscal matters in order to identify the possible degrees of freedom to achieve a higher level of convergence between the public discourse on equity and the real content of public policies aimed at that goal. To this end, the author explores possible answers to four questions: what is the current meaning of the concept of equity; how much leeway is there in the field of taxation for expanding resources and improving vertical equity; what means are there for giving priority to the objective of equity in managing pub…
1 Oct 2009, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 05:30
|
Publicación
This may well be the first time since Latin America gained its independence in the early 1800s that a major economic contraction and financial calamity in the industrialized world has not caused a wave of currency, sovereign debt or banking crises in the region. What explains Latin America's unprecedented resilience in contrast with, for example, Eastern Europe's now-evident financial vulnerability? Here we review the enormous progress made by many governments in Latin America in the past decade to reduce currency mismatches, allow for more flexible exchange-rate regimes, enhance the…
28 Mar 2019, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 05:22
|
Publicación
This report compiles comparable tax revenue statistics over the period 1990-2017 for 25 Latin American and Caribbean economies. Based on the OECD Revenue Statistics database, it applies the OECD methodology to countries in Latin America and the Caribbean to enable comparison of tax levels and tax structures on a consistent basis, both among the economies of the region and with other economies.
This publication is jointly undertaken by the OECD Centre for Tax Policy and Administration, the OECD Development Centre, the Inter-American Center of Tax Administrations, the Economic Commission for Lat…
This survey provides an overview of the economic performance of the Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Guyana, Jamaica, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago, together with the eight member countries of the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union (ECCU) countries for 2010 and their outlook for 2011. The first section is a summary of the main issues raised in the report including an assessment of the economic prospects for 2011. Chapter II analyses the impact of the global economy on the subregion then provides a comparative analysis of the GDP and sectoral growth performance. This is followed by the subsection on…