Declining economic growth and competitiveness, the impact of the 2007–2009 global financial crisis, and the challenge of climate change and extreme weather events have hindered the sustainable development of Caribbean economies, the generation of sustained welfare gains and the achievement of key Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the subregion’s vulnerability to the vagaries of global aggregate demand and commodity prices, which have largely driven the subregion’s debt upwards and dampened economic growth before its onset, compromising its ec…
In its 2021 edition, this ECLAC annual report examines the foreign trade performance of the region’s economies during the current year, with the most recent figures available on the impact of COVID-19 and the post-pandemic recovery in the distinct countries. The publication consists of three chapters. The first analyzes the evolution of global and regional trade in the last year and their prospects for a post-pandemic recovery. The second chapter examines the challenge of achieving productive autonomy in the region’s health industry, and the third offers proposals for defining the contribution…
En su edición 2021, este informe anual de la CEPAL examina el comportamiento del comercio exterior de las economías durante el presente año, con las más recientes cifras disponibles sobre el impacto y la recuperación pospandemia de COVID-19 en los países de la región. El documento consta de tres capítulos. El primero examina la evolución del comercio mundial y regional en el último año y sus perspectivas de recuperación pospandemia. El segundo analiza el desafío de la autonomía productiva en la industria de la salud de la región, y el tercero entrega propuestas para definir el aporte del comer…
United States trade is showing a healthy recovery in 2021 in both imports and exports of goods and services, although some categories of services are still suffering the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions. Travel, transport, and tourism have not returned to pre-pandemic levels. In contrast, trade in goods has recovered in all major categories.
United States-Latin America and the Caribbean Trade Developments 2021 provides an overview of developments in United States trade relations with Latin America and the Caribbean. Following the global focus on the climate crisis and the specific…
The draft programme of work of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) for 2023 is hereby submitted to the member States of the Commission for their consideration. It highlights the priorities for 2023 that will be considered by the Committee for Programme and Coordination (CPC) and the United Nations General Assembly as part of the intergovernmental reviewing exercise.
The overall purpose of the programme is to promote the economic, social and environmentally sustainable development of Latin America and the Caribbean through international cooperation, by undertakin…
La Secretaría presenta a la consideración de los Estados miembros de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL) el proyecto de programa de trabajo de la Comisión para 2023. En él se destacan las prioridades para 2023, que serán examinadas por el Comité del Programa y de la Coordinación (CPC) y por la Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidas como parte del ejercicio de revisión intergubernamental.
El objetivo general del programa es promover el desarrollo económico, social y ambientalmente sostenible de América Latina y el Caribe a través de la cooperación internacional, media…
Este informe ofrece una evaluación preliminar del impacto de la crisis de COVID-19 en el comercio electrónico. Se basa en datos e información disponibles en su mayor parte hasta el tercer trimestre de 2020, incluidos aquellos procedentes de las estadísticas oficiales, las encuestas a empresas y consumidores sobre el comercio electrónico, los informes de organizaciones multilaterales y del sector privado, y las entrevistas con personas funcionarias gubernamentales y representantes del sector. En particular, se basa en un esfuerzo coordinado realizado por cuatro de las Comisiones Regionales de l…
Green coffee growers, most of whom are smallholders, have suffered from the significant volatility and fall in the international price of this commodity over the past decade. It is therefore crucial to understand the factors that drive price volatility, which has been studied extensively for other commodities but not for coffee. This study looks into the determinants of the conditional volatility of green coffee prices in three different markets: spot, futures and physical.…
This report shows that Latin America and the Caribbean faces critical policy challenges going forward. It must accelerate the digital transformation to allow businesses and consumers to adapt to a new normal and leverage pandemic recovery to create stronger economies, and also tackle long-standing barriers to adopting digital technologies and bridging digital divides. These have impeded sustained and equitable economic growth even before the pandemic struck. This crisis should be a wake-up call for governments, the private sector, civil society, and international development partners to come t…
The region of Latin America and the Caribbean has been the most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, and the most harmed in economic and social terms. This is due to longstanding structural factors that have portended its dysfunctional development pattern. That is why the economic reactivation must pursue, at the same time, significant productive, fiscal and institutional structural reforms, in order to move forward on configuring a new, inclusive and sustainable development pattern.
So stated Alicia Bárcena, Executive Secretary of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECL…
La región de América Latina y el Caribe ha sido la más afectada por la pandemia del COVID-19 y también la más dañada en términos económicos y sociales. Esto se debe a factores estructurales de larga data que han prefigurado su disfuncional estilo de desarrollo. Por ello, la reactivación económica deberá cursar, a la par, significativas reformas estructurales productivas, fiscales e institucionales, para avanzar en la configuración de un nuevo estilo de desarrollo inclusivo y sostenible.
Así lo señalan Alicia Bárcena, Secretaria Ejecutiva de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe…
A região da América Latina e do Caribe foi a mais afetada pela pandemia de COVID-19 e também a mais prejudicada em termos econômicos e sociais. Isso se deve a fatores estruturais de longa data que prefiguraram seu estilo disfuncional de desenvolvimento. Por isso, a reativação econômica deverá, ao mesmo tempo, passar por significativas reformas estruturais produtivas, fiscais e institucionais para avançar na configuração de um novo estilo de desenvolvimento inclusivo e sustentável.
É o que assinalam Alicia Bárcena, Secretária Executiva da Comissão Econômica para a América Latina e o Caribe (CEP…
Esta edição de Perspectivas do Comércio Internacional da América Latina e do Caribe, correspondente a 2020 examina a evolução do comercio mundial e regional após a irrupção da doença causada pelo coronavírus (COVID-19) em janeiro de 2020. A rápida propagação do vírus e as drásticas medidas adotadas pelos governos para reduzir o risco de contágio golpearam fortemente a economía mundial, que experimentará em 2020 sua pior recessão desde a década de 1930. Neste contexto, o comércio mundial de bens e serviços experimentou uma abrupta contração no primeiro semestre, embora se observe uma incipiente…
The 2020 edition of the annual report International Trade Outlook for Latin America and the Caribbean, prepared by ECLAC, presents the main trends of international trade of the region’s economies during the last year, with the most recent figures available on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the different countries of the region. The document is composed of three chapters that review the evolution of global and regional trade after the outbreak of the coronavirus disease, analyze the evolution of intraregional trade with a long-term view, and examine how international trade can contribut…
La edición 2020 del informe anual Perspectivas del Comercio Internacional de América Latina y el Caribe, elaborado por la CEPAL, examina el comportamiento del comercio exterior de las economías de la región durante el último año, con las más recientes cifras disponibles sobre el impacto de la pandemia del COVID-19 en los países de la región. El documento consta de tres capítulos en los cuales se analiza la evolución del comercio mundial y regional tras la irrupción de la enfermedad por coronavirus, se examina la evolución del comercio intrarregional con una mirada de largo plazo, y se estudia …
This article has a twofold purpose: to describe the social and economic situation
in the countries of the Central American subregion prior to the coronavirus disease
(COVID-19) pandemic and to provide a comparative analysis of the macroeconomic
policies introduced by the governments of these countries in response to this health
crisis. As a central part of that analysis, it looks at the main structural policy challenges
for the enhancement of social protection and reactivation of production activity and
employment to be met by these countries during and after the pandemic. The need
for a natio…
El propósito del presente artículo es doble. Por una parte, se ocupa de describir el estado socioeconómico de la subregión centroamericana antes de la pandemia de enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19). Por otra, pone a disposición un análisis comparativo de las políticas macroeconómicas que han aplicado los gobiernos de los países ante la crisis derivada de la pandemia. Como un aspecto central el texto también plantea, desde una perspectiva estructural, los principales desafíos en términos de políticas nacionales (durante la pandemia y posteriores a ella, si cabe así decirlo) de protección soc…
Nota editorial .-- Presentación. Economía global y desarrollo en tiempos de pandemia: los retos para América Latina y el Caribe / Alicia Bárcena y Mario Cimoli, editores invitados .-- Asimetrías estructurales y crisis sanitaria: el imperativo de una recuperación transformadora para el desarrollo sostenible en América Latina y el Caribe / Alicia Bárcena y Mario Cimoli .-- La crisis del COVID-19 de América Latina con una perspectiva histórica / José Antonio Ocampo .-- Construir un multilateralismo favorable al desarrollo: hacia un “nuevo” nuevo orden económico internacional / Ha-Joon Chang .-- E…
The economies of Latin America and the Caribbean have been slipping behind in the global economy, weighed down by structural problems that hinder their capacity to grow and absorb technology. The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has not only brought these structural problems into sharper relief, but has also exacerbated them, by reinforcing adverse trends in growth, employment and income distribution. This article analyses these trends and argues that the crisis requires a response that is both immediate but also aims to overcome long-term constraints. Very robust fiscal policies are ne…
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