En su edición 2021, el Balance Preliminar de las Economías de América Latina y el Caribe examina el comportamiento de las economías de la región durante el año, y actualiza las cifras de crecimiento y otros indicadores que reflejan el impacto sufrido por los países de la región a raíz de la crisis del COVID-19. En particular, el documento presenta nuevas estimaciones del producto interno bruto (PIB) para la región y todos sus países en 2020 y entrega una primera estimación de crecimiento para 2022. …
Presentation by ECLAC’s Executive Secretary, Alicia Bárcena (PDF).
The Latin America and Caribbean region will see its pace of growth decelerate in 2022 to 2.1%, after reaching 6.2% on average last year, according to new projections released today by ECLAC. This slowdown takes place in a context of significant asymmetries between developed, emerging and developing countries with regard to the capacity to implement fiscal, social, monetary, and health and vaccination policies for a sustainable recovery from the crisis unleashed by the COVID-19 pandemic.
This is according to the annual report b…
Presentación de la Secretaria Ejecutiva de la CEPAL, Alicia Bárcena (PDF).
La región de América Latina y el Caribe desacelerará su ritmo de crecimiento en 2022 a 2,1%, luego de crecer 6,2% promedio el año pasado, según nuevas proyecciones entregadas hoy por la CEPAL. Esta desaceleración sucede en un contexto de importantes asimetrías entre los países desarrollados, emergentes y en desarrollo sobre la capacidad de implementar políticas fiscales, sociales, monetarias, de salud y vacunación para una recuperación sostenible de la crisis desatada por la pandemia de COVID-19.
Así lo señala la Comi…
A região da América Latina e Caribe desacelerará seu ritmo de crescimento em 2022 para 2,1%, após crescer 6,2% em média no ano passado, segundo novas projeções divulgadas hoje pela CEPAL. Essa desaceleração ocorre em um contexto de importantes assimetrias entre os países desenvolvidos, emergentes e em desenvolvimento na capacidade de implementar políticas fiscais, sociais, monetárias, de saúde e de vacinação para uma recuperação sustentável da crise desencadeada pela pandemia da COVID-19.
Assim afirma a Comissão Econômica para a América Latina e o Caribe (CEPAL) em seu relatório anual Balanço …
The Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) will present on Wednesday, January 12 its annual flagship report Preliminary Overview of the Economies of Latin America and the Caribbean 2021, which examines the behavior of the region’s economies during the year that recently ended and updates growth estimates and other economic indicators that reflect the impact of the COVID-19 crisis and the subsequent recovery on the countries of the region.
More specifically, the document will present new Gross Domestic Product (GDP) estimates for the region and all of its countries in 2…
La Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL) presentará el próximo miércoles 12 de enero su informe anual (flagship) Balance Preliminar de las Economías de América Latina y el Caribe 2021, en el cual examina el comportamiento de las economías de la región durante el año recién pasado, y actualiza las estimaciones de crecimiento y otros indicadores económicos que reflejan el impacto sufrido por los países de la región a raíz de la crisis del COVID-19 y su posterior recuperación.
En particular, el documento presentará nuevas estimaciones del producto interno bruto (PIB) para la …
A Comissão Econômica para a América Latina e o Caribe (CEPAL) apresentará na póxima quarta-feira, 12 de janeiro, seu relatório anual Balanço Preliminar das Economias da América Latina e do Caribe 2021, em que examina o comportamento das economias da região no último ano e atualiza as estimativas de crescimento e outros indicadores econômicos que refletem o impacto sofrido pelos países da região em decorrência da crise da COVID-19 e sua posterior recuperação.
Em particular, o documento apresentará novas estimativas do Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) para a região e de todos os seus países em 2021 e…
Economic growth in the United States slowed to 2.1% year-on-year in the third quarter
of 2021, from 6.7% year-on-year in the second quarter of 2021. Consumer spending
in the third quarter rose at its slowest pace since the recovery began, as durable
goods spending fell sharply amid supply shortages and rising inflationary pressures.
The labour market remained strong, averaging 651,000 new jobs per month. With
the Federal Reserve shifting its stance towards reducing accommodative measures
at a faster pace, Latin America and the Caribbean may experience tighter external
financial conditions next…
Declining economic growth and competitiveness, the impact of the 2007–2009 global financial crisis, and the challenge of climate change and extreme weather events have hindered the sustainable development of Caribbean economies, the generation of sustained welfare gains and the achievement of key Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the subregion’s vulnerability to the vagaries of global aggregate demand and commodity prices, which have largely driven the subregion’s debt upwards and dampened economic growth before its onset, compromising its ec…
COVID-19 has brought to the fore the need to address the problem of financing for development in middle-income countries, which has been characterized by the increasing decoupling of per capita income and the ability to mobilize domestic and external resources, and the disconnect between economic and social needs and the response of multilateral cooperation. This must be urgently addressed, as Latin American and Caribbean countries must recover from the effects of the pandemic and avoid another lost decade.
Middle-income countries, such as those in Latin America and the Caribbean, require mult…
El COVID-19 ha puesto sobre el tapete la necesidad de abordar la problemática del financiamiento para el desarrollo de los países de ingreso medio, que se ha caracterizado por la creciente disociación entre el ingreso per cápita y la capacidad de movilizar recursos internos y externos, así como por la desconexión entre las necesidades económicas y sociales y la respuesta de la cooperación multilateral. Esto debe abordarse con urgencia, ya que los países de América Latina y el Caribe deben recuperarse de los efectos de la pandemia y evitar otra década perdida.
Los países de ingreso medio, como …
The Latin American Economic Outlook 2021: Working Together for a Better Recovery aims to analyse and provide policy recommendations for a strong, inclusive and environmentally sustainable recovery in the region. The report explores policy actions to improve social protection mechanisms and increase social inclusion, foster regional integration and strengthen industrial strategies, and rethink the social contract to restore trust and empower citizens at all stages of the policy‑making process. Moreover, it stresses the need to promote sustainable and adapted macro‑economic frameworks to finance…
This paper proposes to develop a balance-of-payments-constrained growth model to analyse the importance of the relationship between real exchange rate misalignment and the share of industry in output. Building on the work of Gabriel, Jayme and Oreiro (2016), the model is expanded to address: (i) the influence of price competitiveness on net exports; (ii) capital mobility; (iii) nominal exchange rate flexibility; (iv) the nominal wage as a fraction of the value of labour productivity; and (v) a quadratic relationship between the growth rate of the share of industry in output and exchange-rate m…
En este artículo se propone desarrollar un modelo de crecimiento restringido por la balanza de pagos con el objetivo de analizar la importancia de la relación entre la desalineación del tipo de cambio real y la participación de la industria en el producto. A partir del trabajo de Gabriel, Jayme y Oreiro (2016) se amplía el modelo
con la finalidad de abordar: i) la influencia de la competitividad de los precios en las exportaciones netas; ii) la movilidad de capitales; iii) la flexibilidad del tipo de cambio nominal; iv) el salario nominal como fracción del valor de la productividad del trabajo…
Tax exemption has been used systematically in Brazil to stimulate the economy. In 2009, in an attempt to stem the economic slowdown, the Brazilian government adopted a countercyclical economic policy that included lowering taxes on vehicle prices. Why was this sector chosen rather than another? This article seeks to analyse the effects of this policy on the Brazilian economy in 2009, using as a counterfactual a tax exemption policy targeted on the agriculture sector. Based on an interregional computable general equilibrium model (TERM-BR), the two policies are simulated and compared. The resul…
La exención tributaria se ha utilizado sistemáticamente en el Brasil para estimular la economía. En 2009, en un intento por contener la desaceleración económica, el Gobierno brasileño adoptó una política económica anticíclica, en la que se destacó la exención tributaria a los precios de los vehículos. ¿Por qué se escogió ese sector
y no otro? Este artículo busca analizar los efectos de esa política sobre la economía brasileña en 2009, comparándola con una política de exención tributaria focalizada en el sector agropecuario. Sobre la base de un modelo de equilibrio general computable interregio…
Based on the hypothesis that the rules of monetary and fiscal policy in Brazil may have been subject to different regimes, the present study applies the Leeper model (1991 and 2005) to identify the chronology of policy regimes in terms of their active and passive character. The policy rules are estimated using the Markov-switching model, with a monthly database from November 2002 to December 2015, in which the regimes are endogenously determined. The results obtained indicate that fiscal dominance occurred in 2010 and between 2013 and 2014, while monetary dominance marked much of 2003 and the …
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