1 Ago 2004, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 10:06
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Publicación
This article examines the unsuccessful attempts made in the 1990s to introduce a market for water in Peru. This reform was thwarted because market operations were identified with water rights privatization, even though a market can perfectly well operate on a basis other than that of private rights, with the State retaining full ownership of the resource. The argument made here is that if these shortcomings were corrected, the creation of a water market would be desirable to improve allocation and management of water and to deal with the increasingly serious difficulties associated with the ad…
The reduction of the role of the State in the Latin American economies has become one of the central topics in the debate on the process of the economic and social restructuring of the region. Because of the magnitude and rapidity of its achievements, the programme carried out in Argentina in the early 1990s is seen as a paradigm which gives rise to reflection and offers a broad range of lessons for those countries seeking to maximize the social benefits that could be obtained from the privatization of public enterprises. From this point of view, the present article highlights some of the main…
Governments of the ECLAC region have promulgated labour regimes which support port workers' desire for stable wages and job security, isolate them from market signals and create cargo-handling monopolies. The advent of a global economy, the introduction of export-led growth policies, the acquisition of advanced cargo-handling equipment and electronic information systems, and the participation of private interests in the offer of port services permit enterprises to compare, purchase and employ raw materials, labour and service inputs worldwide, and have transformed the traditional concept …
1 Ago 1995, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 10:06
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Publicación
Latin America has kept in step with the worldwide trend towards the privatization of public utilities. Its motivation for doing so stems from a number of factors: an economic philosophy, its quest for greater efficiency, macroeconomic situations, debt-equity swaps, decisions to bring private capital into the management of public utilities during times of economic crisis, and others. This article analyses the characteristics and components of public utilities, the differences existing between one utility and another (particularly in terms of their capital/revenue ratio);, the rigidity of supply…
1 Ago 2000, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 10:06
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Publicación
The external trade of a country is closely linked with its geographical location, with the transport services that cover the distance to markets, and the ports through which that trade passes. Recent advances in maritime transport, the growing international economic integration, and the privatization of ports in the countries on the Pacific coast of South America have given rise to expectations that ports could be developed that concentrate both domestic cargo and that of neighbouring countries for its subsequent redistribution: what are known as hub ports . The main conclusion of t…
Ten years of infrastructure reform in Latin America can teach us a lot about how to make privatization work for the poor. There are macroeconomic and microeconomic transmission mechanisms through which such reform may affect those sectors. This paper discusses policy instruments to increase their access to services and make the latter more affordable for them. The advantages and disadvantages of each instrument are evaluated and examples are given. The ways in which policy-makers should go about setting social priorities in infrastructure reform and choosing the most appropriate policy instrum…
21 Oct 2011, 06:30 - 15:00
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Evento (Reuniones y seminarios técnicos)
Este evento fue organizado por la Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre Comercio y Desarrollo (UNCTAD) en la colaboración con la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL) y con el apoyo financiero del Gobierno de España en el marco del proyecto de UNCTAD: Creación de Capacidades en los Países en Desarrollo para Apoyar su Participación Activa en el Proceso de Negociación de Facilitación del Comercio en la OMC.
Los expertos participantes analizaron las expectativas del sector privado en cuanto a la eficiencia administrativa en los procedimientos de control del comercio intern…
1 Ago 2003, 00:00 - 14 Oct 2025, 10:06
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Publicación
The article outlines a new agenda for reform that focuses on what Latin American countries can do given the current international regime, and identifies the failings of the earlier reform agenda: i); the reforms increased countries' exposure to risk without increasing their capacity to cope with it; ii); the macroeconomic reforms were unbalanced; iii); the reforms pushed privatization and measures for strengthening the private sector, but placed too little weight on improving the public sector. The article further argues in favour of formulating a set of economic policies that reflect a b…