En este documento, elaborado en el marco de un proyecto de colaboración entre la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL) y la Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ), se presenta una metodología para desagregar los autobuses eléctricos y convencionales en sus distintas piezas, con el fin de analizar los flujos de comercio internacional de los componentes relacionados con la electromovilidad. Los vectores desarrollados se basan en la edición de 2017 de la nomenclatura del Sistema Armonizado de Designación y Codificación de Mercancías (SA) e incluyen toda…
This paper investigates Latin America and Caribbean (LAC)’s nationally determined contributions (NDCs) and their potential implications for the region’s balance of payments. The first section summarizes prevailing trade dynamics, finding that in LAC, exports of raw materials help to cover the cost of importing capital goods. The second section turns to the region’s NDCs to identify policies affecting import expenditure. The third section employs a similar methodology on the export side, tallying policies affecting output and global cost competitiveness in key sectors (crops, livestock, timber,…
This paper studies the digital payments landscape of B2C e-commerce marketplaces in Latin America and the Caribbean. It presents the main characteristics of different digital payment methods, as well as their advantages and disadvantages. It also examines how digital payments contribute to financial inclusion and it describes the global and regional trends and prospects. It presents the main findings of an exhaustive analysis of payment methods accepted by more than 550 transactional marketplaces in 33 countries in LAC. It also examines the main obstacles to development of digital payments in …
The volume of trade in digitally enabled services in Latin America and the Caribbean is determined, in part, by the complexity and heterogeneity of the regulatory environment in home and destination markets, according to firm-level surveys conducted in the region. This report analyses the regulation of digitally enabled and computer services in 13 Latin American countries using the Digital Services Trade Restrictiveness Index (DSTRI) and the Services Trade Restrictiveness Index for computer services (CSSTRI) developed by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). The re…
In recent years, the external sector of the state of Mato Grosso has shown impressive growth rates. The state’s exports per capita are three times higher than those of China. This phenomenon seems to be on the verge of overcoming one of the main obstacles to South American integration: the Atlantic-Pacific barrier. The hypothesis analysed in this issue of the FAL Bulletin is that certain ongoing exogenous and endogenous “tectonic changes” in five Brazilian states that have been intensifying for some time will finally make bioceanic corridors viable. The challenge is to form an interoceanic net…
El tablero que se presenta en este documento se desarrolló en el marco de un proyecto de colaboración entre la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL) y la Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) sobre electromovilidad en América Latina y el Caribe. Este tablero constituye una representación visual de la metodología propuesta, destinada a analizar los flujos de comercio de los componentes de autobuses eléctricos en América Latina y el resto del mundo, a fin de evaluar la capacidad productiva de los países latinoamericanos en este ámbito. Los componentes…
The consumption of natural gas in Mexico has grown considerably in recent years to the point of becoming the energy source with the largest participation in primary energy consumption, mainly due to its greater use in electricity generation as a substitute for coal and crude oil and its by-products.
According to a recent study published by the Subregional Headquarters in Mexico of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), natural gas has been the most widely consumed fuel in that country since 2014; its participation in the energy basket exceeds 48% and remains on th…
El consumo de gas natural en México ha crecido considerablemente en los últimos años hasta convertirse en el energético con mayor participación en el consumo primario de energía, principalmente a raíz de su mayor utilización en la generación de electricidad para sustituir al carbón mineral y al petróleo y sus derivados.
Según un reciente estudio publicado por la Sede Subregional en México de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), el gas natural ha sido el combustible más consumido en ese país desde 2014 y su participación en la canasta energética supera el 48% y …
O consumo de gás natural no México cresceu consideravelmente nos últimos anos e converteu-se no combustível com maior participação no consumo primário de energia, principalmente devido à sua maior utilização na geração de eletricidade para substituir o carvão mineral e o petróleo e seus derivados.
Segundo um recente estudo publicado pela Sede Sub-Regional da Comissão Econômica para a América Latina e o Caribe (CEPAL) no México, o gás natural é o combustível mais consumido nesse país desde 2014 e sua participação na pauta energética supera 48% e continua em alta. Há duas décadas é a fonte de e…
Among the several development issues facing Caribbean SIDS, food and nutrition security has emerged as a particularly important challenge given its role in affecting the health and well-being of all of its peoples. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), (2021), as much as 67.5 per cent of the subregion’s population
is currently living in moderate to severe food insecurity. This is related mainly to the cost of accessing food, as well as the quality of food accessed. This compares to a global average of 27.6 per cent.…
El aprovechamiento de las nuevas oportunidades tecnológicas no constituye simplemente una opción, sino que representa un cambio necesario e ineludible para cumplir con las nuevas expectativas del mercado. En consecuencia, el uso de tecnologías digitales ha experimentado un crecimiento exponencial, facilitando los procesos logísticos y posicionando a los datos como uno de los activos más importantes de las instituciones. Sin embargo, ello ha generado a su vez un aumento del espacio expuesto a riesgos tecnológicos. En el presente estudio se aborda la problemática de la ciberseguridad en las cade…
En los últimos años el sector externo del estado de Mato Grosso viene exhibiendo un impresionante dinamismo. Las exportaciones per cápita de dicho Estado son tres veces superiores a las de China. Este fenómeno parece estar a punto de superar una de las principales barreras para la integración sudamericana: el antagonismo Atlántico-Pacífico. La hipótesis que se analiza en este número del Boletín FAL es que ciertos “cambios tectónicos” exógenos y endógenos están sucediendo en 5 estados de Brasil, y se han agudizado desde hace algún tiempo, van a permitir finalmente hacer viables los corredores b…
This document, which was prepared as part of a collaborative project between the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) and Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ), provides a methodology for disaggregating electric and conventional buses into their parts, in order to analyse international trade flows in electromobility components. The vectors developed are based on the 2017 version of the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System and include all parts needed to build electric or conventional (diesel) buses. The vectors capture global tra…
The dashboard presented here was developed in the framework of a collaboration project between ECLAC and Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) on electromobility in Latin America. The dashboard represents the visualization of a methodology proposed for analysing trade flows in electric bus components in Latin America and worldwide in order to evaluate the productive capacity of Latin American countries in this area. The required components have accordingly been disaggregated into three levels: processed and semi-processed components and raw materials. The dashboard capt…
During the last few decades, India’s trade with the Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries has grown substantially, especially in the area of Information Technology (IT) services. The definition of IT services now includes a plethora of IT-enabled services (ITeS) directed to specific sectors, including Agri-tech, Fin-tech, Health-tech, manufacturing and mining-based services, as well as e-commerce. This sector has attracted significant Indian investment in the region. Over the last decade, the share of the IT sector in total Indian Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the region has nearly…
La evolución de los conocimientos informáticos y digitales aplicados al sistema ferroviario de carga ha permitido desarrollar el concepto de trenes adaptados a las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones. Gracias al perfeccionamiento de numerosas soluciones tecnológicas en el transcurso de los últimos años, estas alternativas han avanzado de manera significativa en la región y en particular en el sector del transporte ferroviario de cargas. La adecuada planificación y priorización de las tecnologías digitales aplicadas al sistema ferroviario facilitarán la captura de beneficios en l…
Em seu relatório anual Perspectivas do Comércio Internacional da América Latina e do Caribe a CEPAL projeta que o comércio internacional da América Latina e do Caribe terá uma recuperação importante em 2021 após a forte queda observada no ano passado, mas essa recuperação será assimétrica e muito heterogênea entre os países da região, em um contexto de grande incerteza devido à crise provocada pela pandemia da COVID-19. Segundo o documento, para todo o ano de 2021, a CEPAL projeta um aumento de 25% no valor das exportações regionais de bens - após cair 10% em 2020 -, impulsionado pela alta de …
En el marco de la XIII Cumbre Presidencial de la Alianza del Pacífico (Puerto Vallarta, julio de 2018), los presidentes del bloque (Chile, Colombia, México y Perú) y los presidentes y altos representantes de Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay (Mercosur), firmaron una Declaración Conjunta, cuyo objetivo es fortalecer los vínculos comerciales, económicos y sociales entre ambos bloques. En esa Declaración se comprometen a preservar y fortalecer el sistema multilateral de comercio, a fomentar el libre comercio y el regionalismo abierto, entre otros asuntos, siendo quizás el punto 6 de esa Decla…
In its 2021 edition, this ECLAC annual report examines the foreign trade performance of the region’s economies during the current year, with the most recent figures available on the impact of COVID-19 and the post-pandemic recovery in the distinct countries. The publication consists of three chapters. The first analyzes the evolution of global and regional trade in the last year and their prospects for a post-pandemic recovery. The second chapter examines the challenge of achieving productive autonomy in the region’s health industry, and the third offers proposals for defining the contribution…
United Nations