Revista CEPAL no. 137

CEPAL Review no. 137

Fiscal Panorama of Latin America and the Caribbean 2022: Fiscal policy challenges for sustainable and inclusive development

The region is facing a complex economic situation, marked by slowing growth, rising inflation, interest rate hikes and volatility in international markets. This context puts pressure on public finances, compounded by increasing demands for social welfare, investment and environmental sustainability, which pose fiscal policy challenges. The Fiscal Panorama of Latin America and the Caribbean, 2022 proposes a fiscal policy design that would help to drive sustainable development, by strengthening tax collection and making tax structures more progressive, and giving a strategic orientation to publi…

United States economic outlook: 2021 year-in-review and first quarter of 2022

In 2021, economic growth in the United States was the strongest since 1984 (5.7%) but in the first quarter of 2022 the economy contracted. Here is the economic outlook in five charts:…

United States economic outlook: 2021 year-in-review and first quarter of 2022

The United States economy expanded by 5.7% in 2021, the strongest annual growth since 1984, but in a sharp reversal it contracted 1.5% in the first quarter of 2022. Although the overall economy is expected to resume modest growth in the second quarter of 2022 and beyond owing to robust consumer spending and a strong labour market, risks to the economic outlook are rising. Inflation is at a 40-year high, and the Federal Reserve is raising interest rates at the most aggressive pace since the 1980s. The United States economic outlook: 2021 year-in-review and first quarter of 2022 presents and ana…

Panorama Fiscal de América Latina y el Caribe 2022: desafíos de la política fiscal para un desarrollo sostenible e inclusivo

La región enfrenta una compleja coyuntura económica, caracterizada por la desaceleración del crecimiento, una inflación en aumento, alzas de las tasas de interés y volatilidad en los mercados internacionales. Este contexto genera presiones sobre las finanzas públicas, a las que se suman crecientes demandas de bienestar social, inversión y sostenibilidad ambiental, que imponen desafíos al manejo de la política fiscal. En el Panorama Fiscal de América Latina y el Caribe, 2022 se propone un diseño de la política fiscal que contribuya a impulsar un desarrollo sostenible, basado en el fortalecimien…

Capital flows to Latin America and the Caribbean: 2021 year-in-review and first four months of 2022

Capital Flows to Latin America and the Caribbean: 2021 in review and the first four months of 2022 presents and analyses the developments concerning capital flows to Latin America and the Caribbean in 2021and from January to April 2022. This report is published three times a year and provides an overview of new international bonds from Latin American and Caribbean issuers, including green, social, sustainability and sustainability-linked bonds, as well as of bond spreads and credit ratings.…

Repercussions in Latin America and the Caribbean of the war in Ukraine: how should the region face this new crisis?

This policy brief prepared by ECLAC examines the economic and social impact of the war in Ukraine on the region, and offers countries recommendations on how to address its effects. The document analyzes economic and social variables as well as the different sectors of the regional economy that have been affected by the armed conflict that began in February of this year, presenting policy proposals to mitigate its impact on the recovery process following the COVID-19 crisis, which the region is still undergoing. The report includes updated estimates on the increase in poverty and extreme povert…

Repercusiones en América Latina y el Caribe de la guerra en Ucrania: ¿cómo enfrentar esta nueva crisis?

Este informe especial de la CEPAL examina el impacto económico y social de la guerra en Ucrania en la región y entrega recomendaciones a los países sobre cómo enfrentar sus efectos. El documento analiza las distintas variables económicas y sociales, así como los diferentes sectores de la economía regional que se han visto afectados por el conflicto bélico que comenzó en febrero de este año, y presenta propuestas de política para mitigar sus impactos en el proceso de recuperación poscrisis del COVID-19 que aún enfrenta la región. Incluye estimaciones actualizadas del aumento de la pobreza y la …

Preliminary overview of the economies of the Caribbean 2020–2021

This overview examines the economic performance of economies of the Caribbean in 2020 and comprises four chapters. The first chapter provides a comparative analysis across Caribbean economies of the main macroeconomic variables, namely GDP growth, monetary indicators, as well as fiscal and external accounts. The second chapter looks at areas of focus in the Caribbean. The third chapter concludes, while the annex includes individual country briefs that give an overview of the economic situation for the Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Guyana, Jamaica, Suriname and a subregional assessment of the coun…

Economic Slowdown Deepens in Latin America and the Caribbean: Average Regional Growth of 1.8% Expected in 2022

The economies of Latin America and the Caribbean face a complex juncture in 2022 due to the war between Russia and Ukraine, which ushers in a new source of uncertainty for the world economy. This is negatively affecting global growth, now estimated at 3.3%, a percentage point below original projections before the hostilities began. At the regional level, lower expected growth will be accompanied by higher inflation and slow employment recovery. According to new estimates released today by the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) in this press release, average growth…

Se profundiza la desaceleración de América Latina y el Caribe: en 2022 se espera un crecimiento regional de 1,8% en promedio

Las economías de América Latina y el Caribe enfrentan una coyuntura compleja en el 2022 debido al conflicto bélico entre Rusia y Ucrania, que abrió una nueva fuente de incertidumbre para la economía mundial y está afectando negativamente el crecimiento global, estimado en 3,3%, un punto porcentual menos de lo que se proyectaba antes del inicio de las hostilidades. En el ámbito regional, el menor crecimiento esperado se verá acompañado por una mayor inflación y una lenta recuperación del empleo. Según nuevas estimaciones entregadas hoy por la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (…

A desaceleração na América Latina e no Caribe se aprofunda: em 2022, espera-se um crescimento regional de 1,8% em média

As economias da América Latina e do Caribe enfrentam uma conjuntura complexa em 2022 devido ao conflito bélico entre Rússia e Ucrânia, que abriu uma nova fonte de incerteza para a economia mundial e está afetando negativamente o crescimento global, estimado em 3,3%, um ponto percentual a menos do que foi projetado antes do início das hostilidades. No âmbito regional, o menor crescimento esperado será acompanhado por uma maior inflação e uma lenta recuperação do emprego. De acordo com as novas estimativas divulgadas hoje pela Comissão Econômica para a América Latina e o Caribe (CEPAL) por meio …

Balanço Preliminar das Economias da América Latina e do Caribe 2021. Resumo executivo

Em sua edição de 2021, o Balanço Preliminar das Economias da América Latina e do Caribe examina o comportamento das economias da região durante o ano e atualiza os números de crescimento e outros indicadores que refletem o impacto sofrido pelos países da região como resultado da crise do COVID-19. Em particular, o documento apresenta novas estimativas do produto interno bruto (PIB) para a região e todos os seus países em 2020 e fornece uma primeira estimativa de crescimento para 2022.…

Balance preliminar de las economías de Centroamérica y la República Dominicana en 2021 y perspectivas para 2022. Febrero 2022

En el presente documento se hace un balance preliminar de las economías de Centroamérica (Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua y Panamá) y la República Dominicana (CARD) en 2021 y se presentan las perspectivas para 2022.…

The economic and financial effects on Latin America and the Caribbean of the conflict between the Russian Federation and Ukraine

The conflict between the Russian Federation and Ukraine has come at a time of great uncertainty in the world, relating to several factors: uneven rates of vaccination against coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and new variants of the virus; inflationary pressure and difficulty in maintaining fiscal stimulus packages; trade tensions and risks in the Chinese real estate sector; disruption of supply chains and rises in freight charges; and extreme events caused by climate change. The conflict will have an impact on the economies of Latin America and the Caribbean through several channels, but primari…

Efectos económicos y financieros en América Latina y el Caribe del conflicto entre la Federación de Rusia y Ucrania

El conflicto entre la Federación de Rusia y Ucrania ocurre en un contexto de alta incertidumbre a nivel global asociada a diversos factores: desigual ritmo de vacunación contra la enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19) y nuevas variantes del virus; presiones inflacionarias y dificultad para mantener el estímulo fiscal; tensiones comerciales y riesgos en el sector inmobiliario de China; disrupciones en las cadenas de suministro y alza de fletes, así como eventos extremos debido al cambio climático. Este conflicto tendrá un impacto en las economías de América Latina y el Caribe a través de varios…

Claves de la CEPAL para el desarrollo Nº 10: Balance Preliminar de las Economías 2021

En este número de “Claves de la CEPAL para el Desarrollo” se presentan los mensajes claves de la edición 2021 del Balance Preliminar de las Economías de América Latina y el Caribe, publicado por la CEPAL en enero de 2022. En dicho informe anual examina el comportamiento de las economías de la región durante el año, y actualiza las cifras de crecimiento y otros indicadores que reflejan el impacto sufrido por los países de la región a raíz de la crisis del COVID-19. En particular, el documento presenta nuevas estimaciones del producto interno bruto (PIB) para la región y todos sus países en 2020…

Economic Survey of the Caribbean 2021

This survey examines the economic performance of economies of the Caribbean in 2020 and the first few months of 2021 and comprises five chapters. The first chapter gives an overview of global, regional and subregional economic performance in the Caribbean. The second provides an analysis of the subregion’s fiscal performance and debt burden. The third looks at monetary policy and their impacts. The fourth is focused on the external sector, while the fifth concludes.…

Latin America and the Caribbean’s Growth Will Slow to 2.1% in 2022 amid Significant Asymmetries between Developed and Emerging Countries

Presentation by ECLAC’s Executive Secretary, Alicia Bárcena (PDF). The Latin America and Caribbean region will see its pace of growth decelerate in 2022 to 2.1%, after reaching 6.2% on average last year, according to new projections released today by ECLAC. This slowdown takes place in a context of significant asymmetries between developed, emerging and developing countries with regard to the capacity to implement fiscal, social, monetary, and health and vaccination policies for a sustainable recovery from the crisis unleashed by the COVID-19 pandemic. This is according to the annual report b…