Reseña Este documento fue preparado por Víctor Tokman, Consultor de la Unidad de Estudios Especiales de CEPAL, bajo el componente de Macroeconomía, equidad y seguridad social, del proyecto CEPAL/GTZ: Policy Strategies for Sustainable Development in Latin America and the Caribbean: Promotion of a Socially Sustainable Economic Policy (GER/01/31) , que contó con el el apoyo de la Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Zusammenarbeit (GTZ). El autor agradece la colaboración de E. Fajynzilber y E. Espíndola y los comentarios de A. Uthoff, D. Titelman, J. Weller todos ellos funcionarios de CEPAL.El au…
Los grandes cambios tectónicos que está sufriendo el mundo del trabajo requerirán de una respuesta colaborativa y de un multilateralismo que reconozca la igualdad, la inclusión y la sostenibilidad como dimensiones constitutivas fundamentales. Así lo señalaron hoy autoridades y expertos de organismos internacionales durante un evento paralelo a la tercera reunión del Foro de los Países de América Latina y el Caribe sobre el Desarrollo Sostenible, que se realiza este semana en Santiago, Chile.
El evento titulado “Por un futuro más prometedor. Contribuciones del Informe de la Comisión Mundial so…
The objective of this webinar is to know better about the experience of this survey regarding its main methodological and analytical challenges that will help attendees to extract lessons for their daily work in the preparation, dissemination and continuity of employer surveys and skill development in Latin America.…
Despite its importance, the literature on wage differentials between public- and private-sectors employees in Latin America is sparse. This article analyses the wage gap between the two sectors in Chile, based on monthly longitudinal data obtained from the Social Protection Survey (EPS) for the period 2002-2009. The study takes advantage of the panel structure of the data to control for time-invariant observable and unobservable factors that determine the self-selection of workers between sectors and wages. The results show that the wage differential between workers in the public and private s…
Opening remarks by Alicia Bárcena, Executive Secretary of the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, on the occasion of the 14th International Resource Panel Meeting
Santiago, 28 May 2014
It is a great honour to welcome you to the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean on the occasion of the 14th International Resource Panel and its Steering Committee under the auspices of the United Nations Environment Programme-UNEP.
It is especially significant since the decision to hold this Panel of Experts in our region is a source of tremendous p…
Evidence suggests that labour markets do not clear as posited by conventional microeconomics. The enduring inter-industry wage differentials (IIWD) and employer-size wage differentials (ESWD) present a challenge. Data from the Jamaican private sector reveal that eswd could be the impetus for IIWD. After accounting for labour quality and other characteristics, employers with 10 to 49 employees and 50 or more employees pay estimated premiums of 14.3% and 22.9%, respectively. After estimating the differences in tenure profiles, the premium associated with the largest employer size was reduced to …
Second regional conference in follow-up to the World Summit for Social Development. Santiago, Chile, 15-17 May 2000 Summary The courses of action recommended at the World Summit for Social Development coincide with the general thrust of the action taken by the Governments of the region in the economic and social spheres during the 1990s. The objective of this document is to weigh the positive and negative aspects of the situation in Latin America and the Caribbean with regard to poverty reduction, productive job creation and social integration within the wider context of economic changes and s…
Under the auspices of the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP), two important initiatives were undertaken to assist the Philippines to develop, design and implement an effective unemployment protection scheme. These initiatives included: 1) a study tour for officials and policy makers from the Philippines on Viet Nam’s Unemployment Insurance Scheme and 2) a workshop on implementing reforms on the Philippines’ protection from unemployment schemes.…
Abstract Economic globalization has had a variety of consequences for employment including changes in labour market structure, making way for new non-standard (or atypical ) forms of employment. These are often associated with low-quality employment, to such an extent that the concepts non-standard forms of employment and precarious employment are used as synonymous expressions. The literature shows that women have been affected the most by these changes. This study considers a particular example of non-standard employment: part-time work in Chile. The …
The survey provides an overview of the economic performance for 2014 of the Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Guyana, Jamaica, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago plus the eight member states of the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union (ECCU) and the outlook for 2015. Data were collected from a review of reports from national governments and through interviews with government officials in each of the countries analyzed.…
(9 de febrero 2010) Mientras más bajo sea el nivel educativo de los jóvenes, menor será su acceso a empleos de calidad y alta productividad, particularmente entre las mujeres, afirmó el Secretario Ejecutivo Adjunto de la CEPAL, Antonio Prado, durante el II Foro América Latina y el Caribe - Unión Europea (ALC-UE) que tiene lugar en Lima.
El Foro se realiza entre el 8-10 de febrero bajo el título "La promoción del trabajo decente para los jóvenes, nuevas capacidades para nuevos empleos", y en él participan ministros de Estado, altos funcionarios de gobierno de una docena de países de la región y…
The effectiveness and efficiency of a national vocational education and training (VET) system depends, amongst others, on whether it provides its learners with the required skills now and in the future. These requirements have changed over the last decades and they are expected to change again in the future. National VET systems need to adapt to these changes in time to avoid costly skill mismatches as not having the right skills means lower wages and lower job satisfaction for workers, lower productivity and more hiring costs for employers, and lower economic output for the economy as a whole…
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(3 de junio, 2014) La Secretaria Ejecutiva de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), Alicia Bárcena, y el Jefe de Gobierno de la Ciudad de México, Miguel Ángel Mancera, llamaron hoy a universalizar los derechos de las personas mayores durante la inauguración de un foro internacional sobre esta materia que se celebrará hasta el 6 de junio en la capital mexicana.
En la apertura del encuentro, denominado Segundo foro internacional sobre los derechos humanos de las personas mayores, participó también Rosa Icela Rodríguez, Secretaria de Desarrollo…
(20 de mayo, 2014) La Secretaria Ejecutiva de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), Alicia Bárcena, subrayó hoy, al inaugurar en París el II Foro Económico Europa-América Latina, que en esta última región "se requieren pactos sociales y políticos en la sociedad como un todo, así como una nueva ecuación Estado, mercado, sociedad, para fortalecer instituciones y alcanzar la igualdad".
El foro, organizado por la CEPAL, la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE) y la Escuela de Economía de París (PSE, por sus siglas en inglés), con el apoyo de lo…
This survey provides an overview of the economic performance of the Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Guyana, Jamaica, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago, together with the eight member countries of the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union (ECCU) countries for 2010 and their outlook for 2011. The first section is a summary of the main issues raised in the report including an assessment of the economic prospects for 2011. Chapter II analyses the impact of the global economy on the subregion then provides a comparative analysis of the GDP and sectoral growth performance. This is followed by the subsection on…
This report addresses the organization, nature, and prospects for labor law enforcement in Central America and the Dominican Republic. It draws a distinction between the Anglo-American approach to enforcement, which is rooted in deterrence and punishment, and the Latin alternative, which is rooted in conciliation and training. And it argues that the Latin approach is--at least in theory--better able to reconcile the labor force's need for protection with the economy's demand for flexibility. Finally, it reviews recent changes in the subregion's labor inspection systems, …
This article examines the effects of globalization on the trade unionmovement in developing countries (the South );. It concludes, first, thatglobalization has been asymmetrical: much further-reaching for tradein goods than for capital flows, weak for technology transfer and verylimited in migratory flows. Second, it examines the role and economicrepercussions of labour unions. It finds that, contrary to the orthodoxview, these have little negative impact on employment but do significantlyreduce wage inequalities. In view of the shift in the South since the 1980saway from developmen…
Abstract We study the effect of fertility on maternal labour supply in Argentina and Mexico exploiting a source of exogenous variability in family size first introduced by Angrist and Evans (1998) for the United States. We find that the estimates for the US can be generalized both qualitatively and quantitatively to the populations of two developing countries where, compared to the US, fertility is known to be higher, female education levels are much lower and there are fewer formal facilities for childcare.…