Dinámica económica Clase 11, miércoles 11 de agosto de 1948 (Manuscritos de las clases dictadas por Raúl Prebisch en Buenos Aires sobre la dinámica económica)

Dinámica económica Clase 12, miércoles 18 de agosto de 1948 (Manuscritos de las clases dictadas por Raúl Prebisch en Buenos Aires sobre la dinámica económica)

Dinámica económica Clase 13, viernes 20 de agosto de 1948 (Manuscritos de las clases dictadas por Raúl Prebisch en Buenos Aires sobre la dinámica económica)

Launch of the report Economic Survey of Latin America and the Caribbean 2018

Lanzamiento Estudio Económico de América Latina y el Caribe 2018

Latin America and the Caribbean Holds to a Path of Moderate Growth and its Economy Will Expand 1.5% in 2018, Despite External Uncertainties

In an international context marked by uncertainty and volatility, the economies of Latin America and the Caribbean will grow 1.5% on average in 2018, thanks to a rebound in domestic demand, private consumption especially, and a slight increase in investment, ECLAC indicated in a new annual report. The Economic Survey of Latin America and the Caribbean 2018 – one of the organization’s most traditional publications, issued uninterruptedly since the year of its founding (1948) – was released today during a press conference at ECLAC’s Subregional Headquarters in Mexico, in Mexico City, by its Exec…

América Latina y el Caribe mantiene una trayectoria de moderado crecimiento y su economía se expandirá 1,5% en 2018, a pesar de incertidumbres externas

En un contexto internacional marcado por la incertidumbre y la volatilidad, las economías de América Latina y el Caribe crecerán 1,5% en promedio en 2018, gracias a un repunte de la demanda interna, especialmente del consumo privado, y un leve aumento de la inversión, señaló la CEPAL en un nuevo informe anual. El Estudio Económico de América Latina y el Caribe 2018, una de las publicaciones más tradicionales del organismo -editada ininterrumpidamente desde el año de su fundación (1948)- fue dado a conocer hoy en una conferencia de prensa en la Sede Subregional de la CEPAL en México, en Ciudad …

A América Latina e o Caribe mantêm uma trajetória de moderado crescimento e suas economias se expandirão 1,5% em 2018, apesar de incertezas externas

Em um contexto internacional marcado pela incerteza e pela volatilidade, as economias da América Latina e do Caribe crescerão em média 1,5% em 2018, graças a um aumento da demanda interna, especialmente do consumo privado, e um leve aumento do investimento, indicou a CEPAL em um novo relatório anual. O Estudo Econômico da América Latina e do Caribe 2018, uma das publicações mais tradicionais da CEPAL - publicada ininterruptamente desde o ano de sua fundação (1948) - foi divulgado hoje em uma coletiva de imprensa na sede sub-regional da CEPAL na Cidade do México, pela Secretária-Executiva, Alic…

Economic Survey of Latin America and the Caribbean 2018

Estudio Económico de América Latina y el Caribe 2018

CEPAL Review no. 125

Health-care expenditures, economic growth and infant mortality: evidence from developed and developing countries

This paper investigates the effects of health-care expenditures on child mortality rates using a simultaneous-equation model for 93 developed and developing countries with data spanning the period 1995–2012. The findings show that health expenditure has a positive effect on reducing child mortality only for upper-middle-income and high-income countries, whereas for low-income and lower-middle-income countries, health spending does not have a significant impact on child health status. It is also found that at lower development levels, public health spending has a greater effect on mortality rat…

Technical progress in GDP production and CO2 emissions in Brazil: 1970−2012

In this study, technical progress is analysed in terms of its influence on the mix of inputs of labour, capital and energy that go into the production of gross domestic product (GDP) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The results of this analysis show that the Brazilian economy exhibited a Marx-biased pattern of technical progress during the period under study. Within the framework of this overall pattern, however, three different phases of technical progress in Brazil can be identified. Between 1970 and 1980, a Marx-biased pattern was observed, followed by the stagnation of technical progres…

Macroeconomic shocks and policy reforms: lessons from the 1999 downturn in Chile

This article analyses the Chilean government’s response to the 1999 recession that followed on from the Asian financial crisis, focusing on the macroeconomic policy reforms adopted and the institutional factors that influenced this response. The analysis is based on a review of previous research on the topic and suggests that some fiscal and monetary policies adopted during 1997−1998 exacerbated the effects of what were initially external shocks. However, fiscal discipline and the robust public institutions developed before and after the recession strengthened Chilean social protection policie…

Functional distribution of income and growth regime in Peru, 1942−2013

This paper begins by reviewing the literature on the relation between economic growth and the functional distribution of income since the time of the classical economists, highlighting the work of Kalecki and the post-Keynesians who develop the growthregimes approach. It reconstructs and analyses statistics on the shares of wages, income from self-employment (or from mixed sources) and profits in Peru’s GDP between 1942 and 2013, and then compares these shares with the averages for Latin America and other economies. The study then makes a comparative analysis of trends in the wage share and ra…

ECLAC Will Present in Mexico its Economic Survey of Latin America and the Caribbean 2018

The Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) will present its annual report Economic Survey of Latin America and the Caribbean 2018 on Thursday, August 23, at 11 a.m. (GMT -5) at the organization’s Subregional Headquarters in Mexico, in Mexico City. The report, which will provide updated economic growth projections for the countries of the region, will be unveiled at a press conference led by the Executive Secretary of the United Nations regional organization, Alicia Bárcena. The launch will also be transmitted live via the Internet on the institution’s website (www.cepa…

CEPAL presentará en México su Estudio Económico de América Latina y el Caribe 2018

La Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL) presentará su informe anual Estudio Económico de América Latina y el Caribe 2018 el jueves 23 de agosto, a las 11:00 a.m. (GMT -5 hrs.) en la Sede Subregional del organismo en México, en Ciudad de México. El reporte, que entregará proyecciones de crecimiento económico actualizadas para los países de la región, será dado a conocer en una conferencia de prensa encabezada por la Secretaria Ejecutiva del organismo regional de las Naciones Unidas, Alicia Bárcena. El lanzamiento será transmitido también en directo por internet en el sitio…

CEPAL apresentará no México o Estudo Econômico da América Latina e do Caribe 2018

A Comissão Econômica para a América Latina e o Caribe (CEPAL) apresentará o Relatório anual Estudo Econômico da América Latina e do Caribe 2018 na quinta-feira, 23 de agosto, às 11h (13h de Brasília) na sede sub-regional da CEPAL, na Cidade do México. O relatório apresentará as projeções de crescimento econômico atualizadas para os países da região e será divulgado em uma coletiva de imprensa liderada pela Secretária-Executiva do organismo regional da ONU, Alicia Bárcena. O lançamento será transmitido ao vivo pelo site da CEPAL (www.cepal.org). Haverá transmissão ao vivo também, por videoconfe…

Gastos en salud, crecimiento económico y mortalidad infantil: antecedentes de países desarrollados y en desarrollo

Este artículo investiga los efectos del gasto en salud sobre las tasas de mortalidad infantil mediante un modelo de ecuaciones simultáneas aplicado a 93 países desarrollados y en desarrollo, utilizando datos que abarcan el período de 1995 a 2012. Las conclusiones a que se llegó muestran que los gastos en salud tienen un efecto positivo de reducción de la mortalidad infantil solo en los países de ingresos medioaltos y altos, mientras que en los de ingresos bajos y medio-bajos el gasto sanitario no tiene un impacto significativo sobre el estado de salud de los niños. También se constató que en l…

Progreso técnico y productos deseados y no deseados en el Brasil: 1970-2012

En el presente artículo se analiza el progreso técnico en la producción de productos deseados y no deseados en la economía brasileña en el período 1970-2012. Se considera que la combinación de los insumos trabajo, capital y energía genera un producto deseado, el producto interno bruto (PIB), y un producto no deseado, las emisiones de dióxido de carbono (CO2). Los resultados revelan que, en el período analizado, la economía brasileña presentó un patrón de progreso técnico de sesgo marxista y ahorrador de energía. Sin embargo, se distinguen tres fases de cambio técnico: en la primera, entre 1970…