Tipo de cambio real competitivo, inflación y política monetaria

Este artículo plantea que en un régimen macroeconómico detipo de cambio real competitivo y estable (tcrce); el componentecambiario puede fomentar la inflación con los mismos mecanismos queestimulan altas tasas de crecimiento del producto interno bruto y delempleo; la presión tendrá que compensarse controlando la demandaagregada a través de las políticas fiscal y monetaria. Encuentra quela política monetaria en un régimen cambiario de ese tipo tiene ungrado de autonomía que puede ser utilizado para aplicar políticasmonetarias activas. Analiza hasta qué punto la política monetaria puedecontribui…

The competitive real exchange-rate regime, inflation and monetary policy

This article argues that in a stable and competitive real exchangerate(SCRER); macroeconomic regime, the exchange-rate component candrive up inflation through the very mechanisms that stimulate high rates ofgross domestic product and employment growth; to offset this pressure,fiscal and monetary policies will have to be used to control aggregatedemand. It finds that in an exchange-rate regime of this type, monetarypolicy has a degree of autonomy that can be exploited to apply activemonetary policies. It analyses the degree to which monetary policy canbe used to control aggregate demand and con…

The impact of the global financial crisis on Latin America

This essay argues that while the complete lack of liquiditycharacterizing the most severe phase of the financial crisis unleashedin September 2008 is now a thing of the past, lending and productionactivity in the industrialized countries are both contracting rapidly andthe financial system is still undercapitalized. Of all the external channelsthrough which the crisis has been transmitted to Latin America, the dropin remittances is the least important. The most widespread negative effectswill come from the decline in the volume of international trade and thesharp deterioration in the terms of …

Export diversification and growth in emerging economies

This paper develops and tests a model of growth that emphasizesthe introduction of new exports as the main source of growth in countriesthat are well within the global technology frontier and depend for growthon adapting existing products to their economic environment. It seeks tocapture the stylized facts behind growth in countries as different as theRepublic of Korea, Taiwan Province of China, Mauritius, Finland, Chinaand Chile, all of which have relied on export diversification. The wideningof comparative advantage is thus seen as the main driver of economicgrowth. The export diversificatio…

Comercio internacional: de bienes a servicios. Los casos de Costa Rica y México

Regional integration and public policy. Evaluation of the European experience and possible implications for Latin American integration