En su edición 2020, el Balance Preliminar de las Economías de América Latina y el Caribe examina el comportamiento de las economías de la región durante el año, y actualiza las cifras de crecimiento y otros indicadores que reflejan el impacto sufrido por los países de la región a raíz de la crisis del COVID-19. En particular, el documento presenta nuevas estimaciones del producto interno bruto (PIB) para la región y todos sus países en 2020 y entrega una primera estimación de crecimiento para 2021. El informe analiza los efectos económicos provocados por la pandemia en cada país a la luz de lo…
The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has not only been sudden but has required significant re-adjustment on the part of world economies with far-reaching effects anticipated in the short to medium term. For vulnerable Caribbean economies already challenged by high debt service payments, external support is needed to fill the resource gap.
The objective of this report is to assess the impact of the pandemic imposed restrictions across six critical sectors and to provide policy recommendations to ensure a swift recovery and make a case for greater external concessional financial support to the…
Esta edição de Perspectivas do Comércio Internacional da América Latina e do Caribe, correspondente a 2020 examina a evolução do comercio mundial e regional após a irrupção da doença causada pelo coronavírus (COVID-19) em janeiro de 2020. A rápida propagação do vírus e as drásticas medidas adotadas pelos governos para reduzir o risco de contágio golpearam fortemente a economía mundial, que experimentará em 2020 sua pior recessão desde a década de 1930. Neste contexto, o comércio mundial de bens e serviços experimentou uma abrupta contração no primeiro semestre, embora se observe uma incipiente…
Este documento afirma que a América Latina e o Caribe podem avançar rumo a um “grande impulso para a sustentabilidade” baseado numa combinação de políticas econômicas, industriais, sociais e ambientais que estimulem uma reativação com igualdade e sustentabilidade e lancem um novo projeto de desenvolvimento na região.
O documento está organizado em cinco capítulos. O primeiro estuda as três crises (lento crescimento, crescente desigualdade e emergência ambiental) que afetam as economias e as sociedades no âmbito mundial e as da América Latina e do Caribe. O segundo apresenta um quadro para anal…
New York, 25 January — Latin America and the Caribbean will face a fragile and uneven recovery as the COVID-19 crisis may leave lasting scars on the region’s economies, according to the UN World Economic Situation and Prospects (WESP) 2021, which was launched today.
The report warns that the devastating socio-economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic will be felt for years to come unless smart investments in economic, societal and climate resilience ensure a robust and sustainable recovery of the global economy.
In 2020, the world economy shrank by 4.3 per cent, over two and half times more th…
Nueva York, 25 de enero — Tanto América Latina como el Caribe tendrán que hacer frente a una recuperación frágil e irregular debido a las secuelas a largo plazo causadas por la crisis de la COVID-19 en las economías de la región, según el informe de la ONU sobre la Situación y las perspectivas de la economía mundial en 2021, publicado en el día de hoy.
El informe advierte de que el impacto socioeconómico causado por la pandemia de la COVID-19 será tangible durante muchos años, a menos que se lleven a cabo inversiones estratégicas en los ámbitos de la economía, la sociedad y la resiliencia clim…
The 2020 edition of the annual report International Trade Outlook for Latin America and the Caribbean, prepared by ECLAC, presents the main trends of international trade of the region’s economies during the last year, with the most recent figures available on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the different countries of the region. The document is composed of three chapters that review the evolution of global and regional trade after the outbreak of the coronavirus disease, analyze the evolution of intraregional trade with a long-term view, and examine how international trade can contribut…
La edición 2020 del informe anual Perspectivas del Comercio Internacional de América Latina y el Caribe, elaborado por la CEPAL, examina el comportamiento del comercio exterior de las economías de la región durante el último año, con las más recientes cifras disponibles sobre el impacto de la pandemia del COVID-19 en los países de la región. El documento consta de tres capítulos en los cuales se analiza la evolución del comercio mundial y regional tras la irrupción de la enfermedad por coronavirus, se examina la evolución del comercio intrarregional con una mirada de largo plazo, y se estudia …
Antes da pandemia, a região já mostrava baixo crescimento econômico: em média 0,3% no sexênio 2014-2019, e especificamente em 2019 uma taxa de crescimento de
0,1%. Com a chegada da pandemia, se somaram ao baixo crescimento econômico os choques externos negativos e a necessidade de implementar políticas de confinamento, distanciamento físico e encerramento de atividades produtivas, fazendo com que a emergência sanitária se materializasse na pior crise econômica, social e produtiva que a região viveu nos últimos 120 anos e numa queda de 7,7% do PIB regional. Essa contração da atividade econômica…
The economies of Latin America and the Caribbean have been slipping behind in the global economy, weighed down by structural problems that hinder their capacity to grow and absorb technology. The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has not only brought these structural problems into sharper relief, but has also exacerbated them, by reinforcing adverse trends in growth, employment and income distribution. This article analyses these trends and argues that the crisis requires a response that is both immediate but also aims to overcome long-term constraints. Very robust fiscal policies are ne…
Las economías de América Latina y el Caribe han venido rezagándose en la economía mundial, lo que constituye un reflejo de problemas estructurales que comprometen su capacidad de crecimiento y de absorción de la tecnología. La pandemia de enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19) no solo ha visibilizado esos problemas estructurales, sino que los ha exacerbado, y ha reforzado las tendencias negativas en el crecimiento, el empleo y la distribución de los ingresos. El artículo analiza dichas tendencias y plantea que la crisis hace necesaria una respuesta inmediata, que debe, al mismo tiempo, apuntar …
This article has a twofold purpose: to describe the social and economic situation
in the countries of the Central American subregion prior to the coronavirus disease
(COVID-19) pandemic and to provide a comparative analysis of the macroeconomic
policies introduced by the governments of these countries in response to this health
crisis. As a central part of that analysis, it looks at the main structural policy challenges
for the enhancement of social protection and reactivation of production activity and
employment to be met by these countries during and after the pandemic. The need
for a natio…
El propósito del presente artículo es doble. Por una parte, se ocupa de describir el estado socioeconómico de la subregión centroamericana antes de la pandemia de enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19). Por otra, pone a disposición un análisis comparativo de las políticas macroeconómicas que han aplicado los gobiernos de los países ante la crisis derivada de la pandemia. Como un aspecto central el texto también plantea, desde una perspectiva estructural, los principales desafíos en términos de políticas nacionales (durante la pandemia y posteriores a ella, si cabe así decirlo) de protección soc…
Nota editorial .-- Presentación. Economía global y desarrollo en tiempos de pandemia: los retos para América Latina y el Caribe / Alicia Bárcena y Mario Cimoli, editores invitados .-- Asimetrías estructurales y crisis sanitaria: el imperativo de una recuperación transformadora para el desarrollo sostenible en América Latina y el Caribe / Alicia Bárcena y Mario Cimoli .-- La crisis del COVID-19 de América Latina con una perspectiva histórica / José Antonio Ocampo .-- Construir un multilateralismo favorable al desarrollo: hacia un “nuevo” nuevo orden económico internacional / Ha-Joon Chang .-- E…
The decade ending in 2019 saw the highest ever foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows to Latin America and the Caribbean, which reached their peak in 2012. Since then, foreign investment inflows have declined steadily, bringing into focus, especially in South American countries, the relationship between FDI flows, the macroeconomic cycle and commodity price cycles in the region.
In 2019, Latin America and the Caribbean received US$ 160.721 billion in FDI, 7.8% less than in 2018, a decline that is seen intensifying sharply in 2020 when inflows are forecast to drop by between 45% and 55% as a r…
Na década que terminou em 2019, as entradas de investimento estrangeiro direto (IED) na América Latina e no Caribe alcançaram seu máximo valor histórico, fato que ocorreu em 2012. Depois desse ano, a queda dos fluxos de investimento estrangeiro foi quase ininterrupta, tornando evidente a relação que existe na região entre os fluxos de IED, o ciclo macroeconômico e os ciclos de preços das matérias-primas, principalmente nos países da América do Sul. Em 2019, ingressaram 160,721 bilhões de dólares de IED, montante 7,8% menor que o registrado em 2018, de modo que as entradas de IED representaram …
According to the balance-of-payments constrained growth model, an expansion of aggregate domestic demand is effective in increasing the long-run rate of growth of an economy to the extent that the performance of the external sector validates it. While the performance of the domestic economy is intertwined with that of the external sector, the balance-of-payments constraint on growth does not make these relationships explicit. This document addresses this issue and proposes a framework to make explicit the investment requirements with balance-of-payments constrained growth. This is done in two …
The U.S. economy expanded at a 33.1% annual rate in the third quarter; market projections suggest a decline of about 4% in 2020.
The pandemic has created unprecedented volatility in economic growth this year, with the record-shattering decline in real GDP in the second quarter followed by a similarly record-breaking gain in the third. The U.S. economic expansion in the third quarter of 2020 followed a decrease of 31.4% in the second quarter and 5% in the first, with the third-quarter gain reversing about 75% of the prior decline.
Economic forecasts project a slowdown in the final qu…
The Latin America and the Caribbean region will experience a contraction of -7.7% in 2020 but will have a positive growth rate of 3.7% in 2021, due mainly to a statistical rebound that will nonetheless be insufficient for recovering the economic activity levels seen prior to the coronavirus pandemic (in 2019), ECLAC indicated today in a new report.
ECLAC released its Preliminary Overview of the Economies of Latin America and the Caribbean 2020 – one of the United Nations organization’s flagship annual reports – during a virtual press conference given by its Executive Secretary, Alicia Bárcena.…
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