En el presente documento se reflexiona sobre el papel que ha desempeñado el mercado laboral en la disminución de la desigualdad en América Latina durante la primera década del siglo XXI, poniendo el foco en el vínculo entre el notorio proceso de reducción de la informalidad del empleo y la caída de la desigualdad, hechos que han ocurrido simultáneamente en la región. Los estudios nacionales que integran el presente volumen confirman que los retornos a la educación cumplen un rol central en la reducción de las brechas que separan el tramo superior de la distribución del resto de los ocupados. S…
En este documento se presenta la evolución del sector agropecuario de Centroamérica y la República Dominicana en el período 1990-2013, considerando los siguientes aspectos: contexto macroeconómico, determinantes de su desempeño, análisis del sector, comercio exterior agropecuario y aspectos sociodemográficos de las zonas rurales.…
The present document provides an up-to-date overview of public debt and fiscal space in the region. The main conclusions show that public debt levels are low in Latin America and high in the Caribbean. Overall, the region has enough fiscal space to apply countercyclical policies and boost production development and the fiscal management of non-renewable natural resources needs to be modernized. It explains that fiscal policy has a very limited impact on the distribution of disposable income and in a volatile macroeconomic environment, reforms should aim to strengthen personal income tax.…
El Panorama Fiscal de América Latina y el Caribe 2015 presenta un panorama actualizado sobre el gasto público, el impacto fiscal de los recursos naturales no renovables, los efectos redistributivos de la política fiscal y las reformas tributarias recientes en América Latina y el Caribe. El documento, organizado en 3 capítulos, examina los niveles de deuda pública, constatando que se han reducido en América Latina pero se han elevados en el Caribe. Establece que, en general, existe espacio fiscal para aplicar políticas contracíclicas y potenciar el desarrollo productivo y que se debe moderniz…
This document was prepared for the Latin American and Caribbean Regional Consultation on Financing for Development, held at the headquarters of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) in Santiago, on 12 and 13 March 2015, in preparation for the Third International Conference on Financing for Development (Addis Ababa, July 2015).…
En este documento, preparado por la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL) para la Consulta Regional de América Latina y el Caribe sobre Financiamiento del Desarrollo (Santiago, 12 y 13 de marzo de 2015), en preparación de la Tercera Conferencia Internacional sobre la Financiación para el Desarrollo (Addis Abeba, julio de 2015), se presentan los asistentes lineamientos estratégicos del financiamiento para el desarrollo desde la perspectiva regional.…
World Day for Social Justice comes at a pivotal moment for people and our planet. Around the world, there is a rising call to secure a life of dignity for all with equal rights and respect for the diverse voices of the world’s peoples. At the core of this movement lies the need for social justice.
This year’s commemoration focuses on the scourge of human trafficking and the plight of approximately 21 million women, men and children in various forms of modern slavery. New instruments such as the ILO Protocol and Recommendation on forced labour and human trafficking are he…
The current rates of economic growth in Latin America and the Caribbean are insufficient to beat poverty and guarantee equal rights, so countries must urgently increase productivity and diversify their productive structures, Alicia Bárcena, ECLAC’s Executive Secretary, said today during the Ricardo Torres Gaitán Lecture given at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), in Mexico City.
Despite the economic and social progress made in the last decade, today’s complex external context poses new challenges, said the most senior representative of the Economic Commission for Latin Americ…
Las actuales tasas de crecimiento económico de América Latina y el Caribe son insuficientes para abatir la pobreza y garantizar la igualdad de derechos, por lo que urge incrementar la productividad y diversificar la estructura productiva de los países, dijo hoy Alicia Bárcena, Secretaria Ejecutiva de la CEPAL, durante la Cátedra Maestro Ricardo Torres Gaitán impartida en la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) en Ciudad de México.
Pese a los avances registrados en el último decenio en materia económica y social, el complejo contexto externo plantea nuevos desafíos, sostuvo la máxima …
Divergence in macro trends and in monetary policy in advanced economies was a dominant driver of rates and currencies in emerging markets in 2014. Diverging macroeconomic developments were reflected in different monetary policy actions in 2014, with the European Central Bank (ECB) and the Bank of Japan (BOJ) moving in the opposite direction of the U.S. Federal Reserve. The unwinding of the U.S. monetary stimulus, while the ECB and the BOJ step up their monetary stimulus, has underpinned an appreciation by the U.S. dollar, in which most commodities are priced. Latin American markets, which sta…
This study builds on the Corporate governance and development of capital markets in Latin America report published by the Development Bank of Latin America (CAF) and the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), which looked at the regulatory framework related to the principles of corporate governance in the region and assessed its contribution to the development of capital markets. This book complements the previous study and is the result of a joint effort by CAF, the Inter- American Development Bank (IDB) and ECLAC to identify the key elements of corporate governance …
(January 23, 2015) The Executive Secretary of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), Alicia Bárcena, participated in the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2015 (WEF) held in Davos, Switzerland, where she moderated a high-level session on Latin America’s economic context and met with authorities and mining industry executives from around the world, among other activities.
Presiding the session on the Latin American context, Bárcena stressed that after several years of prosperity, the region’s countries are at a crossroads today with a decelerating economy—which g…
(23 de enero, 2015) La Secretaria Ejecutiva de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), Alicia Bárcena, participó en la Reunión Anual 2015 del Foro Económico Mundial (WEF, según sus siglas en inglés) realizada en Davos, Suiza, en donde moderó una sesión de alto nivel sobre el contexto económico de América Latina y sostuvo un encuentro con autoridades y empresarios mineros de todo el mundo, entre otras actividades.
Al presidir la sesión sobre el contexto de América Latina, Bárcena resaltó que tras varios años de bonanza, los países de la región se encuentran hoy en una enc…
This issue of the Economic and Social Panorama of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States is a contribution by the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) to the third Summit of Heads of State and Government of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC), to be held in San José in January 2015.
This document is based on excerpts from some of the annual flagships published by the Commission in 2014: Statistical Yearbook for Latin America and the Caribbean 2013 (LC/G.2582-P); Demographic Observatory 2013 (LC/G.2615-P); Economic Survey of Lati…