Abstract This paper examines two pivotal education and labour market policy and performance questions. One, the degree to which countries in the Latin American region are catching up or falling behind their competitors in the area of human capital formation with particular reference to upper secondary and technical education. Two, the degree to which higher educational attainment in Latin American countries results in positive labour market outcomes including labour force participation, employment and unemployment, and earnings. In this examination it assesses the degree to which the availabl…
The member countries of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) have called for an integrated approach to development. Despite making significant macroeconomic progress in the 1990s, the Latin American economies reached the end of the decade with relative poverty levels above those of 1980, while labour market conditions have worsened in most countries. To achieve development with equity, it is essential to apply a gender perspective to public-policy formation, as a technical-analytical instrument to accompany the overall ethical-political goal. For the United Nati…
Summary This paper analyzes labor market trends in Latin America and the Caribbean in the 1990s, arguing that employment must be the foundation of a social policy strategy for the region. The paper begins with a discussion of the expectations for labor market performance that were generated by the reform process in the region. It then provides an overview of what actually happened with respect to participation rates, employment generation, unemployment and wages. It also suggests some reasons why reality was less positive than was expected. Next it examines a new hypothesis about the d…
Resumen En 1997 la tasa de participación laboral de personas mayores de 65 años fue de 31.5% en México, de acuerdo a la Encuesta Nacional de Empleo de ese mismo año. En ese mismo año sólo el 18.4% de los mayores de 65 años que estaban fuera de la fuerza laboral recibían alguna pensión de su trabajo. Esto significa que casi una tercera parte de las personas en edad avanzada tienen que seguir trabajando, en buena parte, debido a la falta de ahorro durante los años previos a este periodo. No es coincidencia tampoco que en ese mismo año, sólo el 30.2% de la Población Económicamente Activa (PEA)1 c…
Resumen Este documento ha sido preparado en el marco del Convenio CEPAL/GTZ para investigar la gestión de los programas sociales de América Latina. Presenta una síntesis del estudio sobre el Proyecto Joven de Argentina, iniciado en 1994 con el propósito de contribuir a la inserción laboral de los jóvenes desocupados en condiciones de vulnerabilidad y brindar capacitación en áreas donde existe demanda de mano de obra.…
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